Single mother: child support and how to get it

Just a few decades ago, women,Those who gave birth to a child out of wedlock and raised it alone were persecuted and condemned by society. Such children were the target of ridicule, teasing and barbs from their peers. A baby without a father was considered a disgrace to the family, naturally, there was no talk of any benefits for single mothers at that time. Modern morals have changed dramatically, but this does not mean that it is easy for a girl without a husband today to raise a child. In addition to the psychological problems that every little person raised in a single-parent family faces, financial difficulties also arise. It is quite difficult for a woman to provide for herself and her baby. Despite the fact that the legislation provides for social benefits and privileges, not everyone knows and uses their rights. In addition, the amount of such payments is not very large, and sometimes in order to receive a meager amount for raising a child, a single mother has to spend a lot of time and effort. However, every woman should have information about what kind of assistance she can expect from the state and how to obtain it.

The status of a "single mother" in life and in law

In the modern world, where marriage has long been out of fashionis something sacred, women raising a child without a spouse are common. However, from a legal point of view, not every one of them can rightfully be considered a single mother. According to the law, a single mother is a woman who gave birth to and raises a child without being married. This category also includes situations when there is no joint statement from both parents about establishing paternity when registering a child. In this case, the baby is registered in the birth registration book under the mother's surname, who independently and at her own discretion indicates the baby's first and middle name. Thus, in his document in the paternity column there will be either a dash or "information entered from the words of the mother." In this case, the woman is given an official certificate confirming her status. However, if the child has a father, regardless of whether he lives with him or not, then the new mother cannot be considered single by law. But she has every right to involve the man in the life of the baby, for example, to file a lawsuit and collect alimony from him. Today, other cases are not uncommon. If a woman has lost her husband, that is, has become a widow, then she is not recognized as a single mother, accordingly, she cannot count on a monthly allowance. However, the state provides her with other assistance in connection with the loss of the family breadwinner. Another option is possible: the man leaves the family as soon as his chosen one leaves the maternity hospital or is still pregnant. In this case, the expectant mother is entitled to only alimony. Experts recommend not to indicate the last name, first name and patronymic of the father when filling out a birth certificate, but simply leave this column blank. This is due to the fact that if the father is included in the document, then in certain cases - for example, when leaving Russia - the woman will have to get his permission to take the child out of the country. The same situation will arise when registering the baby at the mother's address of residence - the second parent must give their official consent. However, there is also a downside: if the "paternity" column is left blank in the certificate, the child will not be able to become an heir and claim the property due to him in the future. As you can see, the definition of the concept of "single mother" according to the law and in everyday life are two different things. Thus, many divorced women who have children call themselves single mothers. However, this is not true at all, because the strict letter of the law is one thing, and a simple turn of phrase is quite another. Therefore, let us once again dwell in more detail on the cases in which a woman who has given birth and is raising a child on her own can legitimize her status:

If she produced a child, not at that time in a marriage, and paternity was not properly established, that is, in judicial or voluntary order.
You can also count on a monthly allowance if she gave birth to a baby 300 days or more after the official dissolution of the union with the father of the crumbs.
A child was born when a woman wasmarried or by the time the prescribed number of days has not yet passed (indicated above) after the divorce, and the spouse recorded a spouse (ex-husband), however, paternity was contested by him. In addition, the newly mum has a legally binding court ruling that the man is not a parent.
If she was not officially married to anyone, she adopted or adopted the child herself.

In general, widows, divorcees, and also women,who voluntarily deprived a man of his paternity rights through a court order, who are accustomed to calling themselves single mothers, are not actually such by law. This means that despite the fact that they are raising one or several children without a husband, they are not entitled to the corresponding payments. According to the legislation of the Federation, a single mother registers a newborn baby under her last name, and a patronymic - at will. Unfortunately, in our country many know what responsibilities are imposed on them, but are not fully aware of their rights. A woman with the above-mentioned status, having applied to the social security office at her place of residence, receives the corresponding benefit, the amount of which is determined by the state.

Basic rights of a single mother

A single mother is entitled to the same benefits by lawchildbirth benefits, which are also assigned to all other women raising a child with their husband. However, it should be noted that there are two types:

a one-time federal benefit that all mothers without exception, living in Russia, receive;
payments at the expense of budgetary funds of the subject of the Russian Federation. The latter, in turn, determine their own size, as well as the procedure for allocating allowances, with their regulatory and legal documents, from their own budget funds.

In order for a woman to be crediteda certain amount, after the baby is born, you should contact the social security authorities at your place of residence. Let's take a closer look at what benefits are due to a new mother:

on pregnancy and childbirth;
lump sum allowance for the birth of a child;
lonely working mothers are paid monthly leave for caring for the baby until he turns 18 years old;
a one-time benefit to girls who registered with a medical institution before the twelfth week of pregnancy;
monthly payments to the baby.

Benefits paid to single mothers,differ from the usual ones in their size. In different subjects of the Russian Federation there are additional payments assigned to women raising a child without a spouse, for the purpose of social support. So, in order for a new mother to be assigned a monthly child benefit, it is necessary:

first, go to the social protection authorities, to which she is assigned in accordance with the place of residence - sobes or RUSZN - and write a statement;
secondly, to provide a number of documents: a certificate of birth of a baby, a certificate of the composition of the family from the housing office, as well as a work book, a passport and a savings book.

Please note that information about your income is included in the application.should be stated in writing. In addition, to confirm the accuracy of the data, you may be required to provide a certificate from your accountant at your place of work.

State support for single mothers

About what benefits are available to single mothers andYou can find out what their size is by referring to the law "On state benefits for citizens with children". This year, women raising a child without any help can count on the following:

compensation for the gradually rising cost of food products, which are intended for children under the age of three;
Natural assistance and a monthly allowance for the child until he is three years old;
free linen sets for newborns;
for children up to two years of age, free dairy and baby food is provided, which is issued strictly by prescription from a doctor in specialized medical institutions;
when there is an accrual of payment for exportgarbage and solid food wastes, as well as for cleaning entrances and home territory, children under 1.5 years are not included in the total number of people living in the apartment;
schoolchildren from single-parent families are guaranteed free two meals a day in the dining room;
children who are brought up by single mothers,receive benefits for training in art schools, in sports, music, art and others. At the same time, the payment is 30% lower than the normal cost that all other students of an institution contribute;
the state provides assistance in providing free medications for children up to three years old.

According to current legislation, a mother raising a child on her own has the right to the following payments and benefits:

Monthly allowance for the baby, and its sizesomewhat higher than that which other married women receive. At the same time, the level of material security of a single mother, as well as the living conditions, are not taken into account.
Payments for the care of the child in case of hisdiseases, the size of which is calculated depending on certain circumstances. So, if the baby is observed in the hospital, the calculation is made taking into account the length of the mother's length of service. In case of outpatient treatment, the allowance is paid in full for the first ten days, and from the eleventh it is charged at a rate of 50% of the salary.

When a preschooler gets sick, his motherreceives the same benefit in full for the entire period of forced vacation. For example, if they were from one to two weeks, then a period of fifteen calendar days is taken for payment, if the doctor's conclusion states that there is no need to extend the treatment period.

In the event that an enterprise occursany reduction of the staff, single mothers are under the protection of the state, that is, do not fall under the dismissal. Also, they can not be removed even in connection with the inconsistency of the position they occupy, or the change of management of the company.
A woman raising a child without a spouse hasthe right to an additional annual leave of at least two weeks (wages are not retained). At the same time, she can take it at any time suitable for her.
In the event of the liquidation of an enterprise, the law stipulates that the incumbent manager must employ single mothers, pregnant women, and women who have children up to three years of age.

No matter how many people are on the housing waiting list,Single mothers have the priority right to possess it. In addition, they can freely arrange for their minor child to be placed in a child care institution with full state support. As for schools, a child who grew up without a father can be provided with free meals and textbooks by decision of the director. In each children's clinic, a single mother has the right to receive from the doctor a list of medicines that are subject to benefits, the amount of which can vary. However, in most cases, the discount on expensive drugs is about 50%. In the territorial administrations of the Russian Federation, mothers raising a child (or children) alone are given, on a first come, first served basis, free or with partial payment of vouchers to health camps or sanatoriums at least once every two years. In addition, prefectural employees are responsible for organizing the sale of children's things. In each subject of the Federation, single mothers can be provided with additional cash payments, which you can find out about by contacting your Social Security Office. We recommend reading: