Diagnosis of medium degree myopia
Moderate myopia is characterized by acutenessvision - up to -6.0. In this case, for the patient's comfort, two different pairs of glasses are prescribed: one with lenses for distance with full correction, and others for reading and work with lenses 1.0-3.0 diopters less. In addition, in these cases, bifocal glasses can be used for constant wear, in which the upper part of the lenses is designed to view distant objects, and the lower - for close space. In addition, this disease can progress over time. It is noted that, in some cases, when myopia occurs in adolescence with the cessation of body growth, the process of myopia development can stop and end. However, there are progressive forms that run continuously and reach quite high rates - 30.0 diopters and higher. In this case, there is a strong deterioration in the ability to see with various complications, up to malignant tumors. Myopia of both eyes with a non-progressive course of the average degree is easily corrected, that is, vision correction using lenses or glasses. As a rule, stationary myopia is refractive, when the refractive optical powers are large or the "picture" of the object appears before the retina of the eye due to the inability of the eye muscles to focus correctly. In addition, there is axial myopia, in which the image cannot reach the retina of the eye due to the elongation of this organ. In this case, further elongation of the retinal area can provoke a rupture and detachment.
Causes and factors of the disease
The occurrence of this physical defect is associated with several factors, among which the most common causes can be noted:
- Genetic predisposition. Many parents with this disease are born children with congenital ailment;
- Mental load with reading, work forcomputer monitor. This is especially well observed in such groups of people engaged in work with a constant inclination of the head. It is believed that this creates additional pressure on the area of the retina, which significantly weakens the muscles of the eyes and the ability to focus the eyes on different distances;
- Unfavorable environment;
- Congenital deficiencies, for example, weakness of the eye muscles;
- Injuries received at birth. There are many cases of atrophy of the eye tissues during premature birth, when the child is placed in a chamber with oxygen feeding. In this case, the excess of this element can cause undesirable consequences;
- Various infectious diseases and side effects from taking certain medications in individual cases;
- Non-observance of the rules of personal hygiene for the eyes.
Recommended treatment of the disease
For myopia of the second degree with progressiveDepending on the rate of development of the disease, conservative treatment may be prescribed, in which vision is corrected with glasses, as well as therapeutic exercise for the eye muscles and procedures in the medical office:
- Laser therapy;
- Classes on various programs on the computer;
- Magnetotherapy;
- Electrostimulation.
In addition, conservative treatmentinvolves performing gymnastics for both eyes at home and various exercises with objects specially designed for these purposes, such as "mark on glass" and others. Surgical treatment for myopia of this degree is carried out only to stop development, but visual acuity does not improve. The surgical method is called scleroplasty, and it is aimed at strengthening the pole of the eye located in the back area.
Life with medium degree myopia
Moderate myopia does not limit mucha person in various activities. But at the same time, you cannot lift heavy objects and limit contact with harmful substances (dust, chemicals, fertilizers, etc.). For people with this disease, it is better to choose professions that do not require sitting at a computer. For people with stationary myopia, the range of sports activities is much wider, compared to the developing form. So, with constant myopia, you can engage in pentathlon, alpine skiing, motor sports and sledding, football and handball games. With the developing form of the moderate degree of the disease, you can swim, fencing and sailing. But it is not recommended to play games that require strong mental stress, for example, chess and other logical games. This is explained by the fact that in this case, excessive pressure occurs in the apple of both eyes, especially when a person does not know how to relax the facial muscles. In addition, women with this disease undergo special examination and treatment during pregnancy, and a cesarean section is recommended, since pushing can damage the blood vessels of the eyes and more serious complications can occur, such as retinal detachment. With moderate myopia of both eyes, regular examination by a doctor is required. Any action that can lead to deterioration of vision, such as taking any medication, doing work, gymnastics, is best discussed with your personal doctor. In addition, you need to maintain personal hygiene, take the prescribed treatment and maintain an optimistic attitude, in this case, the quality of life with this disease will be at a fairly good level.
