To correctly answer this question, forthe beginning should determine who exactly can have the legal status of a single mother. After all, ordinary ordinary man is not easy to understand all sorts of legal subtleties, in his understanding this term can be applied to any woman who grows a child alone, without the participation of his father. But the law draws clear boundaries and gives strict definitions of this status. The category of persons to whom the phrase "single mother" is applicable, establishes the Family Code of our country. And this is a very important point, because it is this set of rules that is of primary importance for assigning to such women the rights to social benefits and benefits established by the laws of Russia. A clear understanding of your status will help even single mothers to understand the question of how much and exactly what special payments they receive from the state in the process of raising children themselves.
Single mother: legal status
A single mother is a female whogave birth to a child in a period when she was not legally married to an alleged father. Also, this term is applicable if the fact of childbirth occurred within three hundred days from the date of termination of the official union or after this time, but paternity was not recognized, not established or contested in court with the appropriate decision. A single mother is considered to be the woman who has received the right to adopt (adopt) a child and used it without being in legal marriage. If it is simpler to say, the status of a single mother provides for having a child with a child who does not have an official father. In a special book, where records of registration of newborns are made, in this case the child is recorded in the maternal surname. In the column, which contains information about the father, it is either a dash, or its data is recorded from the words of the woman in labor, and she immediately receives a certificate in form No. 25, which confirms the fact of single motherhood. Accordingly, such status is not granted to a female person who has a child, but is divorced, and the spouse has died or is deprived of the right to be a father. Do not give it in the case when the fact of paternity is recognized voluntarily or established in the courts. The rights of such women are significantly different from those of single mothers.
Mandatory government payments
It is worth noting that any representativethe fair sex, being a citizen of Russia and becoming a mother, regardless of whether the newborn has an official father or not, is entitled to a number of mandatory payments. Here is what every modern young mother in our state should receive:
- a one-time payment if she is registered at the clinic for a gestation period of up to twelve weeks;
- financial assistance for pregnancy and childbirth, the so-called maternity money;
- payment at birth of a child, which is carried out one-time;
- payments for the maintenance of the child, which are made monthly until he reaches the age of one and a half.
For registration of a one-time allowance for the baby,the amount of which in 2013 will be equal to 13,087 rubles 61 kopecks, a young single mother should submit the following list of basic documents to the social security authorities:
- self-written statement on the form;
- original and copy of your passport;
- certificate or certificate from the registry office of the birth of a child;
- a document specifying the fact of the transfer of the newborn to the adoptive mother and the court decision on the right to adoption (adoption), if the child is adopted;
- certificate from the registry office, which will provide information about the father (his absence).
The same package of documents single motherprovides and for registration of the allowance, which is paid every month until the moment when the baby is one and a half years old. Also, in some cases, additional information and references may be required, about which it is better to consult with specialists from social security agencies.
Regional payments
The laws of the Russian Federation provide fora number of special payments, relying precisely those women who have the status of a single mother. Of course, there are not as many social benefits as we would like, but they still exist. Unfortunately, not all women are aware of their payments. If a single mother wants to get detailed advice about her rights and benefits, she should contact the body responsible for social protection of the population in her appropriate place of residence. It is there that a woman should ask all her questions of interest and get comprehensive information about what the state provided for in her case. First of all, a working single mother has the right to receive a double tax deduction of expenses provided for the maintenance of her son or daughter until they reach eighteen years of age. And in the case when the children of such women continue their studies in higher educational institutions as students, graduate students, cadets, or become interns, the double tax deduction for their mothers will last longer. It can be used until the children reach the age of twenty-four years. If a single mother brings up more than one child, then a double deduction relies on each of them. If a woman enters into a legal marriage, then the tax deduction in the next calendar month will be reduced by half and will be equal to the usual, regardless of whether her child is adopted or adopted by the new spouse. It is also worth noting that in any region of Russia a single mother should receive an additional amount to the monthly child care allowance until she is one and a half years old, and can also claim annual government financial assistance in the amount of about three hundred rubles. It should not be forgotten that a single mother who has minors of one or more children is entitled to an additional allowance if the amount of the total family income does not exceed the current minimum subsistence level stipulated by the legislation of Russia. And even if the family income is above average, the child will still be entitled to additional payments. There are also a number of cash benefits for mothers living in the regions, for example, these may be one-time payments from the mayor. The question is how many there are and what the size of such benefits is - it is necessary to clarify this point by contacting the social security agencies at the place of residence for clarification.
Payments to single mothers in the metropolitan area
If we consider the central regions of Russia, thenMoscow and the region have their own benefits and allowances for women who raise children alone and have the appropriate status. The Moscow government has established an additional allowance for young families, which is paid one-time in connection with the birth of a child. The right to receive it is granted to single mothers who have not attained the age of thirty, who have a capital registration. How much this allowance is in monetary terms depends on the number of children. If a woman with the status of a single mother is registered in Moscow and she has a child who is under three years old, she has the right to receive payments to compensate for the growing cost of food for the baby. Their sum is equal to 675 rubles. In Moscow, for single mothers, there is also a monthly allowance, which should reimburse the costs associated with the rising cost of living. It is called so - compensation payment. Such a benefit is supposed to be given to children under the age of sixteen, as well as those who are studying in institutions with general education programs and whose age has not yet reached eighteen. If we specify the amount, then the question of how much such a payment can make for a single mom can be answered that it will be equal to about 300 rubles per month. If a single mother has a certificate of a disabled person of both the first and second groups, does not work and, accordingly, does not earn money for the maintenance of the child, she is entitled to a monthly compensation of 6,000 rubles. She is paid until the son or daughter of such a woman reaches the age of eighteen, that is, the age that provides for them the opportunity to get a job. The same applies to situations where a single mother raises a disabled child or a child who has a disability since childhood. She is constantly busy with care and is unlikely to be able to earn a living for herself and the child. Therefore, she also receives payments: in the first case, up to eighteen years, and in the second - up to twenty-three. Compensation is 6000 rubles a month. A single mother can count on compensation if she and the child live in a non-privatized dwelling under a contract of employment. However, the payments do not apply to those women with children who have entered into such an agreement with relatives, for example, with grandmothers, grandfathers, parents, sisters and brothers, and so on. The size of such compensation allowance depends on how many children are in the care of a single mother.
- If she raises three or more childrenminor age, and one of them has not reached three years, the compensation is one hundred percent of the fee paid for the dwelling. However, the amount is limited to 6400 rubles.
- If a single mother brings up twominor children and one of them has not reached three years, then the cash allowance for compensation for housing fees is seventy percent of this amount, but cannot exceed 4400 rubles.
- And in the case when in the care of a single momthere is one child who is under three years old, then the cash payment to cover the cost of renting housing is fifty percent. Its amount may not exceed 3200 rubles.
As for payments on sick leaveworking single mother, then in the case when her child is treated in a hospital, the calculation of benefits is made on the basis of seniority. If the son or daughter is at home, and the process of recovery is monitored on an outpatient basis, the amount of payments does not depend on the length of service. They can be calculated and issued in full for the first ten calendar days, and then accrued in the amount of fifty percent of the salary. If a child of preschool age is sick, then the hospital allowance is due to the mother for the entire time of the illness. And if the son or daughter is already seven years old, but not fifteen, then the mother is paid a two-week period, including weekends, provided that the medical opinion does not indicate the need to extend the treatment. It would seem that our legislation took care of the single mothers of the country. Although we all know that such women will hardly be able to adequately support their children for government payments. But the benefits currently available give a small, but still an opportunity to hold out until the child can be placed in a kindergarten. Then a single mom will have a chance to return to her previous job or find another one that will allow you to earn money so that a son or daughter needs nothing. Of course, the fate of a single mother at all times was not easy. After all, it is on the fragile female shoulders that all responsibility for the child’s life is laid. And sometimes it is very difficult to carry this load alone. And even if a single mother has a stable job and decent wages, then besides the problems associated with their daily bread, there are a number of other equally important aspects of a moral character related to raising a child and adapting it in a team so that the absence of a father does not had a negative impact and did not cause a feeling of inferiority. Therefore, women, who single-handedly bring up the younger generation of young Russians, should be shown respect and attention at all levels of public life. We advise you to read:
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