Earlier, the union of two people was considered sacred, andtoday, divorce is, rather, a norm, rather than an exception to the rules. Families collapse very often, unfortunately, this is no surprise. Sometimes even a newly born life, which, it would seem, is the fruit of the love of two people, is not a reason for getting married. In addition, in today's world, women have become more independent and are no longer afraid to raise a child without someone's help. Today, a single mother is not condemned by society, her relatives are not turned away and friends are not being blamed. A girl who has received a proper education, which is in the service in a particular company, is capable of raising a child alone - for this it is not necessary to be married. Naturally, raising a crumb in such conditions, that is, not married, is much more difficult than doing it together. First of all, do not forget that as a boy or girl grows up they will ask certain questions, and the most common one is "where's my dad?" A child, watching peers, seeing complete families where there are both parents, can feel itself deprived. Such children often look for a "substitute" for their father: they often go to grandfathers, they show an active interest in male friends entering the house. Therefore, in this case, the most important thing is that it is correct and accessible to explain to the crumb where his dad is and why he does not live with you. Have patience and choose the right words! Another important, if not more - one of the main - the question that each single mother faces is financial. Naturally, it is quite difficult to earn, feed, arm, clothe and subsequently educate your child, especially considering the frightening high cost of modern life. Benefit of such women laid social benefits. To get help from the state, first of all, you need to know your rights. However, we'll talk about some compensations for single mothers later. First let's dwell on another question - on who exactly falls under this status. After all, as it turns out, from the legal point of view, not every woman, herself raising a child, refers to single mothers. 
A lonely mother by law and in everyday life
From the position of a philistine, a woman who does notin marriage and one brings up a baby is a single mother. It would seem that everything is logical, simple and seemingly understandable, but the law - "instance" is much more serious, which has its own rules. So, according to the regulations and regulations in force in the territory of the Russian Federation, the status of a "single mother" is not universally recognized. We propose to dwell on this in more detail. So, women who have given birth to a child (or several children) after at least 300, and also more days after a divorce with a spouse, can count on social payments for the care of a child who lives in an incomplete family, that is, without a father. In the event that a minor was born, when his parents were still married, or from the moment of birth and immediately before the dissolution of the marriage, this period amounted to fewer days, and the man, that is, the ex-husband, challenged his paternity, the woman is also given the status of "mother -one-one. " Naturally, it is guaranteed certain state assistance - social payments. Another option is also possible: for example, a newly mum loses her baby's father, that is, becomes a widow. In this case, according to the letter of the law, it does not fall under the status in question, which means that it does not have privileges assigned to single mothers. Here, the state helps in a slightly different way: a woman can claim a benefit in connection with the loss of a breadwinner. Leaving a man from a family is not uncommon. Another thing is that it looks wild, especially when such an act is committed by a newly-made father. If this happens to the girl who just gave birth - that is, less than 300 days have passed since the appearance of crumbs - or the woman is still in the position, she will not be given the status of a "single mother". In this case, you will have to demand alimony from the grieving parent, for which you should apply to the court.
What to do and how to be?
Every woman, due to certain lifesituations forced to independently bring up a child and considered to be a lonely mother by law, should not only know about what payments and benefits it relies on, but also not forget about the pitfalls that may arise in its path. So, for example, experts strongly recommend that when issuing a birth certificate, do not specify the name of the second parent in it. This is due to the fact that in some cases - for example, when traveling abroad - you will have to get permission from your father in writing to remove the baby. Exactly the same situation will arise when registering the child at the address where the mother lives - this will also require the official consent of the pope, even though it is, as they say, "trail cold". However, as is known, every medal always has two sides: so, if you leave the unfilled "paternity" column in the certificate, then the baby will not be able to claim the property of the father, which was laid to him and, accordingly, will not be the heir. As you can see, the "single mother" in the common people and in the language of lawyers is two completely different things. A divorced woman with one, two, or even three children in her arms does not always have to count on the appropriate payments. After all, it's one thing to call yourself a lonely mother and quite another to be considered one according to the current legislation. So, let's clarify once again, in which cases a girl who herself raises a baby can legitimize her status:
- First, if she gave birth to a crumb without being married, and paternity was not established either in court or in a voluntary manner.
- Secondly, if the child was born after 300 (or as already mentioned more) days from the moment when the process of official dissolution of the union of his parents was not yet completed.
- In the event that the birth occurred when a womanunder the law wore the status of a wife, or by the time the required number of days after the divorce had not passed, and her husband was inscribed on the certificate, but on his or someone's initiative he challenged paternity. It should be borne in mind that you must have an official document in your hands - a court decision that came into force - that a man is not a daddy.
- Single mothers also include women who, without being married, themselves adopted or adopted the child at will.
Legislation in force on the territory of the Russian Federation,allows the newly mum to write the baby to his last name and give him absolutely any middle name. To get the above status, and therefore, and the corresponding benefit, you need to go through some procedures:
- To start, contact the social protection authorities - sobes or RUSZN, - to which you belong, and write a statement.
- The next step is to assemble a specific packagedocuments to provide all the same services. To do this, you will need a certificate of birth of a crumb, as well as a certificate of the composition of the family (taken in the Housing and Communal Services), work and savings books and, of course, a passport.
In some cases, an official may requestalso a certificate of employment that the accountant must provide, as confirmation of the reliability of the information you provided about your own income. Please note that when filling out an application, information about the latter should be indicated only in writing. The benefits that a single mother receives are different from their usual size. It is important to note that in various constituent entities of the Russian Federation additional payments can be made to women. 
State support 2013: payments to single mothers
Well, with someone who treats single mothers, andwhat documents we need to collect in order to get this status, we have decided. Now let's move directly to the money issue. According to statistics and promises of the Russian government, this year (in comparison with the past), social payments have been indexed. This ratio was 1,055. The amounts of benefits, of course, are not astronomical, but any help is not superfluous. So, if a woman independently grows a child (or children) and, according to the law, mentioned above, falls into the category of "single mother", then she is entitled to certain assistance from the state. In principle, such payments are guaranteed to all newly mummies, the only difference is their size. Naturally, the amounts that are assigned to single mothers are somewhat higher, namely:
- According to the current law,the allowance to pregnant women who rose early (up to twelve weeks) to register with a gynecologist, in 2013 is 490 rubles 79 kopecks. As for a lump sum payment at the birth of a baby, this figure is 13087.61 rubles.
- Monthly allowance for the care of one childthe age of up to one and a half years increased from 2326 to 2453.93 rubles, and for the second and subsequent children it is about 4907.85. However, it should be borne in mind that indexing is applied only if the baby was born on or after 1 January of the current year.
- As for the parent capital, in 2013the state pledged the amount of 408960.51 rubles. Also, a single mother has the right to receive payments for the care of a sick child, the size of which is assigned individually, depending on the specific circumstances. For example, if the baby is listed at the hospital, the calculation will be made based on the length of the mother's work experience, and for outpatient treatment, the first ten days will be paid in full, and later the woman will receive 50% of her salary.
- In addition, in the event of anyTroubles in an enterprise where a single mother works - for example, when it is liquidated or when staff is reduced - it is also protected by the state. This means that she can not be dismissed even for such an article as "incompatibility of the position held". If the company goes through the liquidation process, the incumbent is required to employ single mothers, pregnant women and those who have small children under the age of three.
- To single mothers the state is guaranteedthe right to additional leave, which is granted annually and is not less than fourteen days. You can take it at any time convenient for you. However, do not forget that in this case, wages are not saved.
If a single mother is standing in line for housing, shehas the primary right to receive it (compared to other women). In addition, a toddler who is brought up in an incomplete family (of course, it is a question of the absence of a father) can be enlisted in a children's institution for the full provision of the state. If we talk about schools, according to the decision of the director, the child can be given textbooks, and also provided free meals in the dining room. As folk wisdom says: "Knowledge is power." Therefore, you need not only to have a general idea of what duties are assigned to you - as a mother, a citizen of Russia, and so on - but also to be aware of issues related to state-guaranteed assistance. To do this, it is necessary to thoroughly study the current legislation, or it is even easier to apply to a specialist of those social protection bodies to which you are assigned.
