Basalioma is a skin cancer on the face orneck, which is initially a small pinkish spot with a flaky surface, which then develops into nodules that rise above the surface of the skin. Usually, this disease appears in older people and those who are often and a lot in the sun. The disease is very dangerous, in the absence of treatment or failure to comply with its scheme, basalioma can develop into a large ulcer that affects not only soft tissues, but also cartilage, bones of the skull. In no case should you self-medicate. If nodules appear on your skin, you must immediately consult a doctor. Today, there are four stages of skin formations, treatment depends on the stage of cancer, the course of the disease.

Types of basalioma: from superficial to cicatricial form

Basalioma is divided into several types, among which are:

• Nodular form in the form of a small nodule thatfirst it measures up to 5 mm. The nodule is translucent, the vessels are visible, the cancer is prone to peripheral development, the density is similar to cartilage, often fusion of individual foci is observed. Nodular skin cancer often turns into ulcerative infiltrative. Healing of ulcers is impossible, the prognosis for this form is usually unfavorable, urgent treatment is needed that will help get rid of the disease;
• the surface form isFormation in the form of a plaque, which is covered with crusts, is atrophied in a mosaic pattern. This form is the simplest, it is benign, skin infiltration with such a basalioma is almost always absent;
• cicatricial form externally is aformation in the form of a pinkish shade with distinct edges. Infiltration is pronounced, localization on the scalp, the nose is unfavorable, as it often leads to lesions of cartilage, bone tissue;
• special forms of basal cell carcinoma can be characterized by a variety of external manifestations, it is necessary to consult a specialist oncologist.

Diagnosis of the disease

In basal cell carcinoma it is necessaryconducting a correct diagnosis, which will help not only to identify the disease, but also its stage. The surface of the facial skin is carefully examined, a visual examination of the mucous membranes, palpation of distant and regional lymph nodes are also necessary. In this case, a magnifying glass is often used so that every small area of ​​​​the facial skin is clearly visible. Histological sampling of the material is carried out - this is a scraping, a smear-print, a biopsy. The sampling method depends on the appearance and condition of the tumor. For open ulcers, it is necessary to take an imprint, having previously cleaned the surface of scales and crusts. The scraping is removed with a scalpel, distributing the obtained material over the surface of the slide. A biopsy is carried out if the surface of a sufficiently large tumor is not damaged. Ultrasound examination makes it possible to determine the depth of the basalioma, its infiltration, and its true size. This is what is done to determine the depth of the tissue before removal. Correctly and timely diagnostics can determine the stage of skin cancer. In total, there are four stages of basalioma development:

• the first stage: a small formation up to 2 cm, bounded from all sides by the dermis;
• the second stage: the formation becomes more than 2 cm, sprouts across the entire thickness of the skin, but does not involve subcutaneous fatty tissue;
• the third stage: the basal cell extends to all the tissues around;
• the fourth stage: not only soft tissues are affected, skin cancer penetrates into the bones and cartilages that are near.

Methods of treatment of basal cell carcinoma

Today, skin cancer, a type of which isis basalioma, can be treated in various ways, but it is necessary to start doing this immediately after the first symptoms appear. In this case, basalioma will be eliminated very quickly, there will be practically no very noticeable marks left on the skin. In any case, the treatment regimen must be agreed upon with the doctor. Today, there are six ways by which basalioma can be cured:

Radiation. This type of treatment involves carrying out irradiation of the skin area with the help of short-focus X-ray beams. Such treatment is combined with remote gamma-therapy. It is carried out only at the initial stages of the disease.

Laser. This method today is considered the most progressive and effective, as it is absolutely painless, well tolerated by people in old age. It is used in the initial stages, almost does not leave a trace.

Surgical treatment of basal cell is the most popularand often met. In this case, excision of the affected tissues with a scalpel is performed, often it requires only local anesthesia. But such treatment can be applied only at small sizes of basal cell, as otherwise large and disfiguring scars can remain.

Medication with the use of medicinalmeans. To treat basal cell carcinoma, i.e., basal cell carcinoma, it is possible and with the help of some medications, antineoplastic, ie, cytostatic agents, are used to reduce the size of skin lesions. Use of such drugs is necessary only after the appointment of a doctor and conducted research. Do not buy them yourself!

Cryogenic treatment implies the use ofliquid nitrogen, which is cauterized by basal cell. This procedure is quick, painless, often done without anesthesia. In addition, after surgery, scarring is almost invisible.

Prognosis after treatment Treatment of basaliomais possible only in a hospital setting or according to a doctor's prescribed regimen. The prognosis may vary greatly, depending on the stage of the disease at which the treatment itself was started. At the first and second stages, the prognosis is favorable, full recovery occurs in about 90% of cases. At the third and fourth stages, the disease is more difficult to treat, surgical intervention is required, after tissue excision or destruction, scars and extensive defects remain. At these stages, tumors recur in half of the cases. Destruction of the skull bones and cartilage may be observed, which entails the need for additional plastic surgeries. The prognosis for life is generally favorable, but only if basalioma is treated on time. Any treatment and surgical intervention can only be carried out after examination by a doctor, no medications, creams or ointments can be used without consulting a specialist, home treatment simply does not exist.

Preventive measures: how to resist the disease?

For risk groups, compliance is requiredpreventive measures that can help prevent the appearance of basalioma on the face. We offer several simple tips that will help to resist this terrible disease:

• in the summer try not to walk down the street duringthe greatest solar activity, from 11.00 to 16.00. If this is not possible, then use creams with special UV filters, try to close the skin as much as possible from the sun's rays. Most often, skin cancer affects the face and neck, so it is recommended to protect these places more carefully;
• follow the correct diet, which inmust necessarily include vegetable proteins, not animals. Ideal option for this are nuts, beans, you need to eat more vegetables;
• Do not touch old scars, do not injure them. If they are constantly exposed to friction from clothing, then go to the doctor, consult with him;
• in the presence of poorly healing wounds and ulcers, intensive treatment should be started, as they can grow into a basaloma.

Basalioma is a malignanta skin formation that requires immediate treatment and constant medical supervision. This is skin cancer, which cannot be harmless, so if you have characteristic symptoms, you must immediately see a doctor, strictly follow all recommendations and treatment plans. There is no home treatment, all the proposed so-called non-traditional and alternative methods are not effective, they will only cause harm.

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