Sometimes circumstances develop in such a way thatthat the pregnancy is unwanted. You can argue for a long time about the moral side of this issue, but the fact remains: sometimes a woman decides that the pregnancy must be terminated. To do this, she must have an abortion. Abortion is an artificial termination of pregnancy up to 28 weeks. After 28 weeks, the fetus is already capable of existing outside the mother's womb, so abortions after this period are strictly prohibited. All abortions are divided into two groups: early, performed before 12 weeks of pregnancy, and late - from 12 to 28 weeks. In our country, only early abortions are allowed, performed at the request of the woman. Late abortions are done strictly for medical reasons.

Types of abortion

Today in modern gynecologyThere are several types of artificial termination of pregnancy, depending on the individual health characteristics of the woman and, of course, primarily on the duration of pregnancy:

Vacuum aspiration.Among women, this method of terminating pregnancy is known as a mini-abortion. During this procedure, the fetus is removed from the uterus under the influence of a strong negative pressure created by a special device. This type of abortion can only be performed at a pregnancy term not exceeding six weeks.

Surgical abortion. During a surgical abortion, the walls of the uterus are scraped to remove the fetus and placenta. It is performed at any stage of pregnancy up to 12 weeks.

There are also some other ways to terminate a pregnancy at a later stage, such as induced labor. However, they will not be mentioned in this article.

Medication abortion

In recent years, it has become increasingly popularWomen acquire medical methods of terminating pregnancy. Termination of pregnancy in the early stages with pills is the safest. To carry out a medical abortion, a woman, under the strict supervision of a gynecologist, takes special pharmacological drugs intended for terminating pregnancy. Pills for terminating pregnancy are effective only for 49 days from the date of the beginning of the last menstrual period. Such popularity of medical termination of pregnancy is fully justified. Pills for terminating pregnancy have a number of advantages:

• Infertility.During medical termination of pregnancy, there is no effect on the uterine mucosa. Therefore, the risk of subsequent development of secondary infertility is extremely low, which is especially important for young women who have not yet given birth.
• Complications.Artificial termination of pregnancy is always accompanied by the risk of developing various complications, such as subsequent inflammatory processes, trauma to the cervix and its mucous membranes. When performing a medical abortion, the risk of any complications is extremely low.
• Hospitalization.Abortion pills allow an abortion to be performed without hospitalizing the woman. And recovery from such an abortion is much faster than after a surgical one. A woman can go to work the day after the abortion.

Technique of medical abortion

In order to artificially interruptpregnancy, in Russia certain drugs are used that are not available for free sale. The principle of their action is as follows: due to the high content of hormones, the tablets lead to the death of the embryo, after which they provoke increased contraction of the uterus and rejection, and expulsion of the fetus from its cavity. The procedure for medical termination of pregnancy itself is carried out in three stages:

Examination of a woman. Before starting a medical abortion, the doctor should carefully examine the woman. To do this, an ultrasound will be performed, during which the exact duration of pregnancy will be established, as well as a gynecological manual examination. After the doctor is satisfied that there are no contraindications to a medical abortion for a woman, he will introduce it to the principle of the drug. After that, the woman will have to sign special papers confirming that the woman is familiar with the technique of conducting medical abortion and gives her consent to it.

The abortion itself. A woman should take the pill, then within 4 to 5 hours she should remain under the supervision of medical personnel, after which she can return home. Expulsion of the fetal egg can begin in two to three hours, and maybe even in a few days. The very expulsion of the fetal egg is accompanied by heavy bleeding.

Inspection inspection. Two weeks later, a woman should come to a checkup for a doctor - a gynecologist. This examination is extremely necessary in order to make sure that the fetal egg was expelled from the uterus cavity in full. If this does not happen, which is extremely rare, to avoid complications, a woman is shown to scrape the uterine cavity in order to remove the remains of the fetal egg.

Contraindications to medical abortion

However, with all the positive features, the medicinal set also has a number of serious contraindications to its use. These include the following conditions:

• Suspicion that a woman has an ectopic pregnancy.
• Serious kidney diseases, especially renal and adrenal insufficiency.
• Long-term treatment with corticosteroids.
• Diseases associated with bleeding disorders.
• Acute inflammatory diseases of female genital organs.
• Presence of a woman with uterine fibroids.

If a woman suffers from one of the abovediseases, performing a medical termination of pregnancy can have the most negative impact on her health and lead to unpredictable consequences.

Complications of medical abortion

However, we should also not forget thatabortion pills are essentially an abortion. And very rarely, but still possible, a number of complications may arise. As mentioned above, abortion with pills is performed on an outpatient basis, so the woman will not be under 24-hour medical supervision. This means that she should pay close attention to her well-being. Termination of pregnancy with pills can lead to the following complications:

• Continuation of pregnancy. However, the probability of this does not exceed 1%.
• Strong pain in the lower abdomen.
• Intensive bleeding, especially caused by incomplete removal of the fetal egg.
• Nausea, vomiting. In this case, repeated use of the drug is possible.
• Very rarely, but still, fever, chills and weakness are possible.
• Violation of the hormonal background.

Don't forget to get advice from your doctor about contraceptives after an abortion, so that you don't have to deal with unplanned pregnancy in the future. We recommend reading:

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