Human health is an important componentlife. Therefore, prevention of infectious diseases (diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria, viruses or protozoan fungi) is necessary.

How to protect your body from infection

First of all, prevention isincreasing the immunity of the human body. It is customary to distinguish between innate immunity (inherited along with other genetic traits) and acquired immunity (formed as a result of infectious diseases, as well as vaccination). Thus, prevention helps to strengthen human health, which reduces the risk of infection. The classification of infectious diseases is as follows:

• intestinal infections (typhoid fever, hepatitis A, dysentery, cholera, salmonellosis, etc.);
• infections of the respiratory tract (chicken pox, influenza, tuberculosis, etc.);
• blood infections (typhus, etc.);
• infection of the outer integument (hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV infection, gonorrhea, syphilis, etc.).

Infectious diseases of the skin

There are infections that affect the skin.quite a few. For example, rubromycosis of the feet and scabies. Mycoses are the so-called fungal infections. Rubromycosis of the feet (one of the varieties of mycoses) is a fairly common disease characterized by lesions of the skin and nails of the feet. Infection occurs from sick people through direct contact with them or with objects that they touched. A sign of the disease is peeling skin between the toes, on the feet. Later, blisters form on the skin, transforming into itchy, painful areas. Gradually, the skin normalizes, but the disease itself will not go away. If there is no proper treatment, the disease will develop into a chronic one and will periodically remind of itself. Scabies is a less common disease, it is caused by the scabies mite. The disease is transmitted through contact with an infected person and through objects that he held on to. The main symptom is unbearable itching (especially towards evening). Remember that this disease spreads quite quickly and requires treatment. Along with this, pustular skin diseases characterized by inflammation of the hair follicle are common. Single inflammations have virtually no effect on the general well-being, but an increase in the patient's temperature may require medical intervention. Prevention of infectious skin diseases is personal hygiene.

Respiratory tract infections

The most common disease here isflu, basic preventive measures: avoid changes in body temperature, do not drink cold drinks (primarily from the refrigerator) in hot weather, try to protect your feet (keep them warm at all times), avoid drafts, eat as many vitamins as possible (support the body with vitamins in winter), etc. It is worth talking separately about a more serious disease - tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease carried by special bacteria (Koch's bacillus). Once in the human body, the bacteria can remain there for life. The main routes of infection:

• aerogenic (airborne, airborne);
• food (when eating contaminated food);
• contact (through the objects to which the patient touched).

Preventive examinations include the Mantoux test and fluorographic examination. The following are used as preventive measures for infectious diseases:

• adherence to the diet, work and rest;
• frequent walks in the fresh air;
• smoking cessation, non-abuse of alcohol;
• observance of cleanliness in the room;
• hygiene products.

And remember: the sooner you detect the disease, the less harm it will cause to your body.

Intestinal infections

Spreaders of intestinal infections areviruses and bacteria that have a negative effect on the gastrointestinal tract. It is easiest to get sick in the summer. This is due to the fact that in the summer a person drinks more water than in the winter (as a rule, they drink unboiled tap water). People eat unwashed (or poorly washed) vegetables and fruits. Meat and dairy products and fish quickly spoil due to the heat, and without visible external signs. Insects are also carriers of infections. Signs of infection: general weakness, loss of appetite, discomfort in the stomach, headache. Preventive measures: maintaining good immunity (remember, antibiotics reduce it) and proper nutrition (wash your hands before eating, thoroughly wash all vegetables and fruits before eating, chew food well, drink boiled or mineral water, pay attention to the production date and expiration dates before eating dairy products).

Infections dangerous to the health of women (gynecological diseases)

STIs, otherwise known as sexually transmitted infectionssexually transmitted diseases, which are quite common these days. As a rule, infectious diseases are the result of promiscuous sexual relations, but a woman can also become infected from her husband or through everyday contact (as a result of the body's strong stress response to external stimuli, failure to observe personal hygiene rules, etc.). The cause of the disease can also be abnormal development of the reproductive system. When using hormonal contraceptives, women become more susceptible to infections, especially those such as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and herpes (a viral disease characterized by the formation of a group of blisters on the skin and mucous membranes). The main symptoms of STIs are profuse discharge from the genital tract, accompanied by an unpleasant odor, burning, and itching. The most common infectious diseases are vaginitis and candidiasis. Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina. It can be caused by an infection or chemical irritation. To avoid vaginitis, the following preventive measures should be taken:

• wear panties only from natural cloth;
• avoid prolonged use of antibiotics;
• follow the rules of personal hygiene;
• if your partner is infected, you should avoid having sexual intercourse with him (until he is completely cured);
• Any form of sexual activity that creates discomfort in the vagina should be avoided.

Candidiasis (thrush) is an infectious diseasedisease, characterized by white cheesy discharge and severe itching. More often this disease affects women with diabetes, HIV-infected, pregnant women, as well as women taking contraceptives or antibiotics. Genital herpes is another infectious disease that leads to serious complications for a woman's health. It can affect the development of the fetus, cause premature birth, congenital pathology in newborns, etc. To protect themselves and the child, couples planning a pregnancy should undergo therapy for herpes infection. Remember: do not self-medicate, it is better to consult a gynecologist. For a woman, as a preventive measure, it is considered ideal to visit a gynecologist once or twice a year in cases of good health and in the absence of complaints. In conclusion, it is worth dwelling in more detail on such a disease as HIV infection. The source of HIV infection is an infected person or a virus carrier. The main routes of transmission of the disease:

• sexual contact with a casual partner;
• use of uninfected syringes and needles;
• from an HIV-infected mother to a child (during pregnancy, with breastfeeding);
• through damaged skin (for example, during a fight).

As preventive measures, the following can be indicated:

• Elimination of early sexual relations (including illegible relationships);
• categorical refusal of narcotic drugs;
• a young couple planning a pregnancy should be tested for HIV (as prevention);
• ear piercing, tattoos, etc. should be done only in special institutions;
• use of personal items of personal hygiene.

Thus, the prevention of infectiousdiseases has a beneficial effect on human health. The state of the human body, its immune system, as well as physiological characteristics determine the body's susceptibility to infectious diseases. A person who leads a healthy lifestyle gets sick less often. Therefore, take care of your health, engage in active sports, try to eat right and keep your hands clean.

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