How to teach a child to read by syllables?Just ten years ago, this issue did not particularly worry parents, who rightly believed that the child would go to school and learn there. However, today, according to unspoken traditions, a child should go to school already knowing how to read. Of course, teachers have no right to demand this from parents, but the vast majority of children come to first grade with a certain reading skill. And if your little one goes to school without knowing how to read at all, there is a very high probability that he will feel discomfort. But going to school itself is quite a lot of stress for any child. There is no need to aggravate it with a feeling of inferiority, right? And that is why parents should take on the task of teaching their child to read. And in addition to preparing for school, the ability to read has a very positive effect on the intellectual development of the child. As practice shows, children who have reading skills are approximately twice as advanced in their development as their peers. Agree - a very worthy price for the time spent on teaching a child to read.
When to start training?
So, you have decided for yourself that your childshould learn to read as quickly as possible. But at what age should you start teaching your child to read? In principle, child psychologists and teachers come to a unanimous opinion - the earlier the baby learns to read, the better. However, of course, the principles of reasonableness should always be followed - there is absolutely no need to force a two- or three-year-old baby to learn to read. But five years is the optimal age. Although very often teachers hear the question of how to quickly teach a baby to read. And the baby is only three years old. Of course, it is the right of parents to decide whether to start teaching a child to read so early. In principle, there is nothing wrong with this either - and if parents are supporters of early development, nothing prevents them from starting to teach a child to read practically from the cradle. In any case, whenever you start teaching your child to read, you should not expect that your child will immediately begin to spend long hours reading. Be prepared for the fact that no matter how old your child is, at first a book will be just an exciting and colorful toy for him. In principle, teachers recommend introducing a child to books in infancy. Nowadays, you can find a large number of different books on sale, intended for the little ones. There are even special books for bathing, which have rubberized waterproof pages. At about one year of age, you need to start accustoming your child directly to reading. To do this, you need to stock up on children's books with bright pictures and short quatrains. Read to your baby every day, at least 15 minutes a day. As a rule, all children without exception love such "get-togethers" with a book. But even if your baby for some reason cannot stand 15 minutes of reading, do not insist on it. Often, parents almost forcibly hold the child, believing that in this way they instill in him a love of reading. However, this is not true at all - the effect will be exactly the opposite. For any child, a book should be associated with pleasant emotions, and not with violence and boredom. Therefore, it is in no way acceptable to force a child to read. Moreover, this is true for children of all age categories.
We begin to study the alphabet
Of course, parents are first interested in howteach a child to read by syllables. However, before starting this task, it is necessary to learn the alphabet with the child. After all, it is the letters that are the basis, so you should not try to teach reading right away until the child has properly learned all the letters of the alphabet. Moreover, you can start learning the alphabet as early as you like. This can be done in a variety of ways - with the help of cards, and children's laptops, and a talking alphabet. However, teachers still consider the good old cubes with letters and pictures drawn on them to be the most effective. Be sure to pay attention to the fact of how exactly you pronounce certain letters - the baby does not need to know the correct names of the letters yet. Pronounce them exactly as they will sound when reading. It would seem - a completely insignificant nuance. However, it can significantly facilitate learning to read, or, on the contrary, complicate it. In no case should classes with a child be turned into some kind of boring mandatory procedure - classes should be conducted in a relaxed, playful manner. There is no need to rush things and try to make the child learn the alphabet in record time. There is absolutely no need to rush. On average, teachers recommend setting aside two days to learn one letter. However, do not forget that all the letters covered must be constantly repeated. However, even after the child has memorized all the letters of the alphabet, it is too early for parents to relax. In almost one hundred percent of cases, the baby firmly associates letters with images in pictures. And it is unlikely that your child will be able to correctly name the letters without pictures. Therefore, you have the next stage of training - first, change the cubes so that the pictures are different. After the child has successfully mastered this visual aid, you can try and completely abandon any images. As a rule, a child needs very little time to master letters without pictures. Most often, this process takes no more than one week. And finally, the final stage of learning the letter is the magnetic alphabet. The magnetic alphabet is letters with a magnetic mount that can be attached to a board or refrigerator. Once the child begins to confidently distinguish these diseases, the study of letters can be considered complete. You can move on to the next stage of training.
Learn how to add syllables
So, we gradually came to the most important thingthe question - how to teach a child to read by syllables. As a rule, from about the age of three, this science is already within the power of almost any child. We hasten to please parents - as a rule, teaching reading by syllables is much easier than learning the alphabet itself, and it takes much less time. You need to start with the same visual aids that are already familiar to the child - cubes with pictures, tablets and magnetic letters. You need to start teaching reading with the simplest syllables - show the child how to make one syllable from two letters. For the first lessons, choose the simplest letters - for example, "m" and "a". Be sure to pronounce these syllables in a singsong voice, especially strongly stretching the vowels, thereby focusing the child's attention on them. After the child has mastered the principle of composing the simplest syllables, which include a consonant and vowel letter, it is worth complicating the task a little. Show him how to correctly form syllables from a consonant and two vowels, or two consonants and one vowel. After the child has mastered the formation of syllables from cubes or magnetic letters, it is worth buying special books designed to teach the child to read. In such books, syllables are grouped in a special way, in groups - beginning with the same letter. Such a construction greatly simplifies the child's task, accelerating the learning process. Of course, at this stage, the child is faced with a variety of difficulties - and not always the baby succeeds the first time. A very common mistake of many parents is losing patience. However, in no case should you lose patience, and even more so, break into a scream. Remember that understanding how exactly letters form syllables is quite a difficult task for a child. It is we, adults, who do it automatically, without thinking about the mechanism, which is not so simple.
Teaching a child to read books
So, at first glance it may seem thatthe child can already read, and the parents' mission is already completed. However, in fact, the most important task of parents is still ahead - to teach the baby to read books. In order to instill a love of reading in the child, parents will have to make a lot of effort. Firstly, do not force the child to start reading books right away - this must be done gradually, so as not to discourage the child from reading forever. At first, it is worth buying books for the child in which the main part is made up of pictures, and the text itself is divided into syllables. The child will like such books much more than books that are too overloaded with text. And this is no accident - a large amount of text will only frighten the child, discouraging him from reading at all. And this is no accident - after all, for the child, every word read is still a real serious work. Another problem that can lead to a child's reluctance to read books is parental reproaches. If your child does not want to read, you should not force him to do it by force. It is much wiser to turn reading into an exciting activity for the child, and not an act of punishment. There are many ways to do this - if you use a little imagination and patience, you will definitely find the perfect way for your child. You can try reading aloud some exciting fairy tale with your child. And at the most interesting part, parents can cheat a little - tell the child that you are very tired, but you really want to know how the fairy tale ends. Ask the child to finish reading the fairy tale to you. Let him read at least a few sentences - then praise him from the bottom of your heart and continue reading yourself. After some time, switch the roles of reader and listener with the child again. And each time gradually increase the number of sentences that the child will read. After he learns to cope with the fairy tale, you can give the child an important task. In the event that there are younger children in the family, ask the child to read them a fairy tale before bed. Surely the child will take this task very seriously, reading a fairy tale to his brother or sister with pleasure. However, you should not do this regularly, thereby turning it into the child's duty.
If the child reads very badly
In some cases, despite all efforts andcorrect actions of parents, the child reads extremely poorly, most often very slowly. There are several main reasons that can provoke the development of such a problem:
- Distracted attention and poor memory.If a child's attention is too scattered and his memory is weakened, reading becomes a real problem for him. For example, it is difficult for a child to read even one sentence - having reached the third word, he forgets the first. To solve such a problem, it is necessary to seek help from a child psychologist who will begin to work with the child.
- Low active field of vision of the child.If your child has such a feature as a reduced active field of vision, it will also be extremely difficult for him to cope with reading. With such a problem, the child will be able to read only short words, since he can only keep three or four letters in his field of vision. To correct such a problem, serious work by specialists is necessary.
- Poor vocabulary.If the child's vocabulary is too small, his reading speed may also slow down, because the child will involuntarily slow down the reading speed, trying to comprehend what he has read. This problem is not too terrible - because the child's vocabulary will steadily grow. And, by the way, reading in this case is the best solution to the problem.
- Speech therapy problems.If a child does not pronounce any sounds, it would be naive to expect them to read well. Therefore, before you start teaching such children to read, you should pay special attention to classes with a speech therapist.
Protect the health of your child!
When you start teaching your child to read, don't forgetone simple but very important truth - the development of a child's visual apparatus continues until about the age of seven. Therefore, be sure to follow some safety rules:
- Time of classes. The child should not study for more than half an hour at a time. It is much more reasonable to divide the classes into several, the duration of each of which should not exceed fifteen minutes.
- Position of the child.The correct position of the child during studies is no less important. It is still too early for the baby to lie on the sofa with a book, so he should have his own properly equipped place. The child should sit comfortably - make sure that the child keeps his back straight, his feet have good support on the floor, and the distance between the eyes and the book should be at least 30 centimeters.
- Indoor lighting.It is very important to pay due attention to lighting. Ideally, it should be natural, but you can also work with your child under artificial lighting - the main thing is that it is bright enough, but not blinding. The light should fall from the left side. These measures will help reduce the strain on the child's eyes.
We recommend reading:
