Almost all young parents are earlyor later the question of the need to send the child to kindergarten arises, because, alas, but maternity leave can last a maximum of three years. And not every family has the opportunity to use the services of a nanny. And grandmothers do not always have the opportunity, and let's face it, the desire to spend days on end with their grandchildren. This is where kindergarten comes to the aid of parents. It is no secret that today it is very, very difficult to get into kindergarten. However, the problem of how to get into kindergarten will not be considered within the framework of this article. It often happens that parents manage to achieve the almost impossible - get a place in kindergarten. However, before they have time to rejoice at this, they are faced with an even bigger headache - the child does not want to go to kindergarten. And here the adaptation of the child in kindergarten is very important. Of course, you can brush aside the child's reluctance, ignore the wild screams in the morning and take the child to kindergarten by force, comforting him by saying that sooner or later he will get used to it. However, child psychologists claim that this parental behavior tactic has a very negative impact on the fragile child's psyche. And often the consequences of such trips to kindergarten can poison the child's life for many, many years. ...Read More

Parents' rights, children's rights.These words are heard so often that most people simply do not pay any attention to them. And only a few know what these mysterious rights and responsibilities of children and parents are. However, very often this knowledge is lacking exactly when it is most needed. All rights and responsibilities of parents and children are usually divided into two main groups: property and personal. Property rights, in turn, are divided into alimony rights and responsibilities and property. At first glance, such a structure may seem complicated, but in fact it is not. By the time you finish reading this article, you will be practically an expert in this field. Not long ago, the new Family Code of the Russian Federation was published. It has a significant number of amendments and changes that greatly facilitate the regulation of personal relations between children and parents. In addition, the rights of the child provide conditions for a humane and correct upbringing process of the child. If, of course, you follow these rules. ...Read More

Sooner or later the time comes whenthe grown-up toddler gets acquainted with the kindergarten. And what kind of acquaintance this will be - joyful or with daily tears - directly depends on the mood of the parents and preliminary preparation for this event. In fact, the psychological adaptation of the baby to staying in the kindergarten is not an easy matter. After all, the child has barely weaned, has become more independent and bolder, and suddenly he finds himself in a completely unfamiliar environment, confused, without his mother. There are a number of typical mistakes that even the most enlightened parents often make when sending their child to kindergartens in Ufa, and which, as a rule, greatly aggravate the problem of the baby's primary adaptation to the kindergarten: Mistake 1. The baby is sent to the kindergarten because he has a brother or sister, and it is difficult for the mother to cope with both. Here the problem may arise in the fact that the older child is already having a hard time experiencing the appearance of a "competitor", and now he is also "handed over" somewhere, in fact - getting rid of, as children often think. Mistake 2. Before sending the little one to kindergarten, at family councils (in the presence of the future kindergartener), they anxiously discuss all the negative aspects associated with the upcoming stay of the “poor child” among snotty, aggressive children without a mother at all. Such moods are very quickly transmitted to the child, and he will go to kindergarten already with anxiety and a pessimistic attitude. Mistake 3. On the very first day of attending kindergarten, the child is taken home only in the evening. According to psychologists, children aged 2 to 4 have a very poor sense of time, and the mother’s words “I’ll be back at 7 o’clock” mean nothing to the child. But waiting for him may seem like an eternity. Mistake 4. Having brought the child to kindergarten, the mother captivates him with new toys or communication with children and quietly disappears, knowing that parting will not be without tears. And in this case, of course, all the tears and hysterics will go to the teachers and nannies. And the baby will once again be convinced that mom can abandon him and disappear. Mistake 5. Listening to the baby's endless complaints that everyone in the kindergarten is "harmful bullies", the mother is distressed and does not know how to save her child. With such behavior, the child will increasingly believe that everyone offends him, does not love him, and the kindergarten is a bad place. So, in order to go to kindergarten without tears, you need to follow these tips from psychologists: show the baby the kindergarten in advance, the children playing happily; leave the baby for a short time on the first day; do not run away, but give the baby a chance to whine and say goodbye; have an optimistic attitude and calmly help the baby solve all the problems that arise ....Read More

The role of a father in raising a boy is overestimatedvery difficult. But do all parents have a clear idea of ​​what this role is? After all, raising a boy is not an easy task, so it is necessary to take into account a large number of nuances, including such an important one as the father's participation. Let's try to understand this issue from A to Z. The role of a mother simply cannot be overestimated. She carries the baby under her heart, feeds him with milk, carries him in her arms - in a word, gives him life and takes care of his well-being. But the father's purpose cannot be underestimated either. A man also makes a significant contribution to the upbringing of a child, to the development of his thinking, skills and worldview. Especially if the child is a boy! Very often, mothers of grown-up sons complain that their husbands are not involved in raising the child at all. But, dear mothers, remember the first years of your child's life. Are you not to blame for this? Very often, young mothers are jealous of their new position and do not let dad within cannon shot of the child. And the man is not particularly upset. And not because he is a bad father and husband. Everything is much simpler - mother's love is instinctive, and father's is social. Simply put, the father learns to love his child. ...Read More

A child has gone missing... Unfortunately, such casesMedia reports are far from uncommon. Dry statistics show that in Moscow alone, more than two thousand children go missing every year. But behind these figures are real tragedies of each family. But, fortunately, in most cases, lost children fall into the arms of their mothers quite quickly. As a rule, most often children get lost in places where there are very large crowds of people - at city holidays, in shopping centers, recreation parks, at train stations. And this is not surprising at all, because, as a rule, in these places the attention of an adult is scattered - it has to be concentrated not only on the child, but also on some actions - choosing a product, paying for it at the checkout, and the like. And children are not asleep - many kids will not miss the chance to take advantage of their mother's confusion and go to explore the area. Remember the song: "It's terribly interesting, everything that is unknown!"? The child will run to look at something, and the parents will panic - the child is missing! And, besides, very often many children deliberately run away from their mothers as soon as she lets go of the baby's hand. For a child, all this is just a fun and exciting game - he is not yet able to assess the full danger of what is happening. And this innocent prank can cost a lot of nerves - both yours and the child's, because the baby will certainly get scared, realizing that he is lost. ...Read More

Childhood aggression is a problem thatбеспокоит огромное количество родителей. И это неспроста – в последнее время все больше и больше детей проявляют чрезмерное количество агрессии, что в значительной степени усложняет процесс социальной адаптации ребенка в обществе. И для того чтобы данный процесс протекал как можно более гладко, родители должны знать о причинах, которые провоцируют детскую агрессию, а также о том, как с ней бороться. Для того чтобы понять причины детской агрессии и методы борьбы с ней, необходимо знать и предысторию – то есть все особенности детской психологии с самого рождения ребенка. Именно об этом и пойдет речь в данной статье. Только что появившийся на свет кроха способен испытывать только две сильнейших эмоции – неудовольствие чем-либо или удовольствие. Так, например, в том случае, если малыш не испытывает никаких болевых ощущений, не испытывает чувство голода, а его пеленки сухие, он выказывает только удовольствие и положительные эмоции. Эти эмоции он может выражать – в зависимости от своего возраста – спокойным сном, безмятежным гулением или улыбкой. В противном же случае, если кроха испытывает какой-либо дискомфорт, чем бы он ни был вызван, он не замедлит очень бурно проявить свое недовольство – он будет брыкать ножками, вырываться из ваших рук или просто начнет сильно капризничать и громко плакать. Однако по мере того как ребенок растет, его протестные действия начинают видоизменяться, становясь все более сложными. Протест у крохи начинает проявляться при помощи деструктивных действий, которые он направляет либо на тех людей, которые, по его мнению, его обидели, либо на какие -нибудь дорогие для этих людей вещи. Очень часто молодые родители, впервые столкнувшиеся с подобным агрессивным поведением ребенка, очень сильно пугаются, предполагая худшее – наличие у их малыша каких-либо серьезных проблем с психикой и даже девиантного поведения. Наверняка каждый детский психолог и психотерапевт могут рассказать массу случаев, когда к ним на прием насмерть перепуганные молодые родители приводили едва научившихся ходить и говорить крох, жалуясь на якобы немотивированную агрессию. Однако это далеко не так – ведь агрессия в той или иной степени присуща абсолютно любому человеку. Психологи объясняют это явление тем, что агрессия изначально является именно инстинктивным поведением, которое необходимо для того, чтобы особь (в данном случае речь идет о человеке) могла выжить в условиях окружающей среды. Другими словами, агрессия является одной из составляющих самого главного инстинкта любого живого существа – инстинкта самосохранения. Однако само собой разумеется, что человек отличается от животных именно способностью разумно мыслить. И по мере роста ребенка и его развития он будет постепенно учиться претворять свои инстинктивные агрессивные начинания в те формы выражения, которые приемлемы в социуме. Говоря языком психологов, у человека по мере его взросления происходит социализация агрессивных начинаний. Детская агрессия должна исчезнуть практически бесследно. В некоторых же случаях, увы, человек, даже повзрослев, так и не приобретает навыки самоконтроля над своей агрессией. В результате подобному человеку крайне сложно жить в обществе людей. А в особо серьезных случаях агрессивное поведение может стать настолько неуправляемым, что в итоге взрослый человек окажется либо в психиатрической больнице, либо и того хуже — в местах не столь отдаленных. Согласитесь, очень печальная перспектива… Именно поэтому важной первостепенной задачей всех родителей без исключения является обучение ребенка контролю над своими мыслями, чувствами и поведением. Однако очень многие родители идут к данной цели не совсем верным путем, просто пытаясь подавить агрессию ребенка. Однако делать этого ни в коем случае нельзя, так как агрессия является крайне необходимым для развития личности качеством. И в том случае, если родители будут подавлять эти негативные эмоции ребенка, очень высок риск того, что образующиеся агрессивные импульсы, не найдя выход, будут обращаться против самого ребенка – разовьется так называемая психологами аутоагрессия. И в итоге ребенок может наносить весьма существенный вред самому себе. А там уж и до развития психосоматических расстройств рукой подать. Именно поэтому главное, чему должны родители научить своего ребенка – это контролировать свои агрессивные эмоции, выплескивая их безопасным способом. Тому, как можно эффективно, но безопасно отстоять свои интересы и права, а также защищаться от возможных опасностей окружающего мира социально безопасным методом, не причинив вреда, ни себе, ни окружающим людям. Для того чтобы успешно справиться с этой задачей, родители должны досконально разобраться со всеми вопросами, касающимися основных причин развития агрессивных форм поведения. Детские психологи выделяют три группы причин, которые и становятся основными причинами возникновения у ребенка деструктивного поведения: ... Read More

Almost all parents are quite strongare concerned about all the issues that in one way or another relate to the education and training of their child. And this is not surprising at all - in our time, all people have clearly learned that a good education is the key to success in life. And the prestige of blue-collar jobs is rapidly falling. Almost all parents interested in educational methods sooner or later come across such a concept as personality-oriented learning. However, few of them understand what exactly this method is and what disadvantages and advantages it has. And without this information, it is extremely difficult for parents to decide whether their child needs personality-oriented learning. On the Internet, you can easily find a huge amount of information about this educational method, but in almost all cases it will be almost completely incomprehensible to parents. And this is not surprising - after all, almost all such material is written by teachers for teachers. It abounds in a huge number of specific narrowly specialized terms and concepts, which are almost impossible to understand without the appropriate education. So what should parents do? This article is written specifically for ordinary parents. It describes personally-oriented learning in the simplest and most accessible language. You will be able to evaluate all its pros and cons yourself, and also decide whether this teaching method is suitable for your child. ...Read More

Smoking is a big problem of modern timesman and society as a whole. In ancient times, tobacco was considered a divine gift - tobacco smoke was used in occult rituals and healing, to avoid wars, a "peace pipe" was lit. Of course, modern man has heard more than once about the harm of smoking, its consequences and impact on health. This is reported everywhere: the media, television and the Internet - information about the harm of smoking is no secret to anyone. All this - articles, photographs of patients addicted to tobacco and cigarettes, depressing statistics and stories about other consequences of smoking - is aimed at making people aware of the harm of smoking. So why in the world, every year, the number of people suffering from this terrible habit is growing catastrophically fast? If earlier the bulk of smokers were the male half of the population, today these ranks are replenished not only by women, but also teenagers, and even young children .... Modern youth begin to try cigarettes at an average age of 10-12, of which more than half, having become addicted to this activity, continue to smoke, gradually and imperceptibly increasing the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Starting with one cigarette per day and ending with regular systematic smoking. By the age of 17, one in ten young smokers already has a pronounced dependence on tobacco, despite the fact that even children know in general terms about the harm that smoking causes. ...Read More

Lately, more and more often from parentsyou can hear that their child is being educated at home. Moreover, home schooling is becoming increasingly popular. Perhaps you are also thinking about transferring your child to home schooling? Home schooling for schoolchildren is quite possible, but parents should know some of the features of this procedure. There are several varieties of this form of education, each of which, despite the general similarities, has its own distinctive features. This is what will be discussed in this article. ...Read More

The birth of a baby certainly brings enormousjoy for young parents and all relatives. However, after the first storm of emotions passes, it is necessary to ensure that the baby becomes a full-fledged citizen, it is necessary to understand the main questions: ...Read More