A single mother is not uncommon these days.Sociologists argue about the reasons for such a massive breakdown of families. Some blame the feminization of society. Some blame irresponsible men who are used to shifting the entire burden of responsibility onto women's shoulders and running away from problems at the first sign of them. Be that as it may, there are a great many women today who are forced to raise children on their own. And state assistance to such mothers is simply necessary. Each country solves this issue in its own way. And, as a rule, any constitution includes a section devoted to benefits for single mothers. However, the law is the law. It is official, dry and impartial. It does not care about women's tears or broken lives. Only documents are valid for the law. Which ones? Not everyone knows about this. And not every single mother knows her rights. We decided to fill this gap and clarify: what benefits are provided for single mothers by Russian legislation.

Who is a single mother?

First, let's define who she is.single mother. If the neighbors on the bench with incredible ease hang such a label on any woman who does not have the financial support of her husband, then the law has its own opinion on this matter. The state will consider you a single mother if you:

• gave birth to a child out of wedlock;
• if the baby was born three hundred days after your divorce;
• if the father of the child is not established (ie, there is a dash in the paternity graph);
• when the divorce came earlier than three hundred days after the birth of the baby, but the former husband challenged paternity in court;
• if you have adopted a child, but are not officially married.

In any other case, a woman does not counta single mother. Even if your husband is dead, you will be legally considered a widow. Of course, you will receive state assistance. But you will receive a survivor's benefit, not payments to single mothers. Often, women, for one reason or another, deprive a man of parental rights and hope that now the state will pay them a certain amount for the maintenance of the child. However, Russian legislation looks at such situations in its own way. Legally, even a man deprived of parental rights is the father of the child and is obliged to pay alimony for him. Therefore, such a woman is not entitled to single mother benefits from the state. That is, if the child's father is legally established, then the entire burden of providing for the child falls on his shoulders. Of course, modern men very often shirk such obligations, turning from a handsome prince into a malicious non-payer of alimony, but that's a completely different story. And now let's talk about one very common mistake that women make in order to protect their child from human gossip. We are talking about inventing a father for a newborn. And if young mothers did this only among friends and neighbors. But no. They continue to lie at the registry office, writing in the "father" column a non-existent person (their father, grandfather or favorite actor). And everything would be fine. From the outside, everything seems great. The documents have a full set of "mother + father", and a heart-rending story has been invented for friends, and it is not embarrassing to send the child to kindergarten. But here's the problem - strict customs officers will never believe this story when the child crosses the state border. After all, the law requires them not to let minors go to another country without a notarized consent of the father. And what name is indicated in your document? Sergey Bezrukov? Well, where will you look for him now? Exactly. Plus, some medical clinics also require permission from both parents to perform an operation if the surgical intervention is quite risky. So imagine how you, at the most crucial period, when the life of the child is at stake, are trying to prove to bureaucrats in white coats that the father was invented and entered only so that you could calmly take the baby to kindergarten without fear that he will be called fatherless. Is it worth it? Hardly. No, we are not agitating single mothers to put a dash in the "father" column. Just make sure that the registry office employees make a small note in the document "recorded from the words of the mother." That's all, that's quite enough. Now you can freely move with your child from one country to another, send your child to kindergarten without the risk of being convicted and try on the title of a single mother. In order for your trip to be free of any unpleasant surprises in the form of incomprehensible customs officers, take a single mother's book with you. Read about how to get it in the next paragraph. And also about what benefits are due to single mothers.

Registration of the status of a single mother

For centuries people have depended on status,documents and other legal red tape. Any action of a person must be documented, otherwise the state will refuse to make payments. The bureaucratic machine does not spare single women either. Therefore, if you want to have all the rights of a single mother, then be so kind as to register your status. This must be done at the social protection committee at your place of residence. It is there that the inspectors will explain to you in detail what list of documents is needed for registration and what rights and benefits are ultimately provided to you. Looking a little ahead, we will tell you that the amount of assistance from the state directly depends on your work activity. If a woman does not work, then she is entitled to single mother benefits in the amount of 1873.10 rubles for the next 16 years. It does not matter at all whether the child goes to kindergarten or not. Only the labor activity of the mother is taken into account. A working woman will be paid 40% of her average earnings. By the way, when going to the social protection committee, do not forget to take with you:

• passport;
• the birth certificate of the child;
• a certificate from the Housing Office, certifying that the child lives with you;
• labor and savings books;
• a certificate of income for the last three months.

Moscow program of social protection

If you are a single mother living in Moscow,then you are covered by a comprehensive program from the Moscow Government. That is, in addition to the above-mentioned benefit, you will be entitled to several additional benefits. For example:

• a monthly compensation payment to a single mother for a child if her income level is below the average. The amount of the additional benefit is 500 rubles.
• if the average per capita income is higher than the subsistence minimum, the monthly allowance is reduced to 170 rubles.
• add to this the monthly allowance for food for children under three years of 500 rubles.

By the way, this compensation paymentAlso available to large families, students, conscripts, disabled children, and children whose parents are wanted for failure to pay child support. Is it necessary to add that almost half of the capital's population enjoys this benefit?

Labor guarantees

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation provides for a lot of privileges for single mothers.

Benefits for caring for a sick child If treatmentis carried out inpatient, the benefit is assigned depending on the length of the mother's continuous work experience. In case of outpatient treatment, this rule is maintained for the first 10 days, while from the 11th day of treatment the woman is entitled to 50% of her usual earnings, regardless of her total length of service. If the child is of preschool age and goes to kindergarten, the benefit is paid to the mother in full. If a child aged 7 to 15 is ill, the first 15 days are paid, unless there is a medical need to extend the treatment.

Termination of Employment Contract LawProvides a lot of benefits to single mothers in case of termination of the employment contract. A single mother can not be reduced, dismissed because of inadequate position due to lack of qualification. It does not go under the reduction in connection with the change of management of the enterprise. Even when the enterprise is liquidated, single mothers are granted rights for compulsory employment.

Holidays Single mothers rely on extra twoweeks of unpaid leave, which she can use both in full and in parts, but she has no right to carry over to the next year. If a single mother has a disabled child in her arms, she is entitled to 4 additional paid days off.

Kindergarten and school

Every mother knows how difficult it is to get intobudget kindergarten. It seems that you need to get in line for a place in a nursery group when you are just planning to have a child. But if you are a single mother, the law gives you the right to enroll in a kindergarten without waiting. And this is fair. After all, if the child's support lies entirely on the shoulders of a woman, then she needs to go to work much earlier to feed the baby. By the way, the payment for kindergarten for single mothers is also half as much. The same applies to children's clubs, music schools and other general educational institutions. That is, the state gives a single mother maximum opportunities to get on her feet. As for the monthly payments that the kindergarten collects from parents, bypassing the letter of the law (here you have the common levies for repairs, a new playroom or a tape recorder in the music room), the state is powerless here. If the amount required by the teachers is large, try to challenge it orally. Many women complain that it is impossible to live on the allowance, let alone survive. We completely agree with you. But look how many single mothers there are around. And if you multiply the number of those in need by the amount of the benefit, you get a colossal sum even on a national scale. There is another nuance when placing a child in a kindergarten. The fact is that the number of single mothers in the country has increased sharply. Therefore, the right to out-of-turn placement in a kindergarten has to be divided. For this purpose, the so-called preferential queue was introduced, in which only single mothers stand. As for school, here too, single women are provided with social benefits. In particular, free two-meal a day for the child in the school cafeteria.

Benefits of the Tax Code

As is known, the tax code of the RussianThe Federation provides a tax deduction of 300 rubles per month for each child of the taxpayer. For single mothers, tax benefits are doubled. That is, she can "not give" the state 600 rubles per month on legal grounds. This benefit is valid until the child turns 18. By the way, if a single mother gets married, then the double tax deduction also ceases to be valid, and from now on she will pay the standard 300 rubles deduction, like all other parents.

Housing Benefits

Housing benefits for single mothers are sufficientmeager. According to the law, single-parent families have the right to priority housing. But here amendments come into force that almost completely cancel the law itself. The fact is that large families and mothers-heroines enjoy the same privileges. Therefore, in order to get housing, a single mother must first prove the need to receive it, and then stand in a preferential queue, which is often almost longer than the usual one. Add to this the standard red tape with papers, and you will understand that it is almost impossible for a single mother to get housing. The same applies to the usual purchase of an apartment. Agree that living on a single mother's allowance and at the same time saving money for your own home is from the realm of fantasy. Therefore, we will wait until the housing code takes into account the rights of single mothers and helps them improve their housing conditions. Finally, I would like to wish all single mothers: do not despair. You are not alone at all. And even if there is no man in your life, but you have a child - the best thing that can be in this life. Even if you live from paycheck to paycheck, knocking out benefits from the state, you still remain an immensely rich woman. And this wealth lies in children's smiles and priceless moments of joy that a growing child gives you. Appreciate this, and may everything be good in your life! We recommend reading:

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