Physical development of preschool children: features, means, methods

Features of the formation of the baby's body

As soon as a child is born, with hisserious changes occur in the body. The most significant transformations are experienced by the nervous system, which is responsible for the child's adaptation to environmental conditions.Physical development of preschool childrenshould be carried out in accordance with the age of the babyPhoto: GettyThe brain grows intensively up to 6 months, later the growth rate slows down. The other systems change in accordance with age:

Bone tissue of the newborn consists of cartilaginous tissues and soft bones. In 2 years they will become stronger, but they will finally be strengthened by 12 years. Up to 2 years, the lungs overtake the growth of the thorax.
At birth, muscle fibers are thin and make up only ½ of the entire body mass. Muscles begin to actively develop from 1 to 3 years. This is when the child masters all movements.
The lungs open after the birth of a child, with a first sigh. Respiratory ways differ in structure from the system of adults. The child breathes superficially and often.
The heart of a preschooler is quite large. With age, it changes its position, going down just below the original level.
The skin of the preschooler is permeated with blood vessels and does not have a stratified corneum. She is tender and sensitive.
The baby's nervous system is still unstable. A preschooler can not keep a long attention on one object. He will excite, and quickly gets tired.

Physical activity must be distributed evenly, taking into account the state of the body at a given moment in time.

Methods for assessing the physical condition of a preschooler

You can assess the development of strength and endurance in children using play exercises:

Squats. The norm for children aged 4-7 years is 20 in 30 seconds. The pulse should increase by no more than 50%, returning to normal after 3 minutes.
Step test - lifting a 35 cm platform 20 and 30 times. A normal increase in pulse is no more than 20 and 60%, respectively.
Running at 30 m for speed.
Measuring the force of a dynamometer.

Standards vary depending on the child's age.

Permissible means of physical development

Since the body of a preschooler is still vulnerable,it is worth sending him to professional sports. But swimming, tennis and gymnastics without overexertion will contribute to the harmonious development of the baby. Lessons should be conducted in a playful way, giving the child breaks for rest. All systems of the preschooler's body continue to actively develop. The baby is too fragile for the heavy physical exertion of professional sports. For the benefit of the baby, you should moderate your athletic ambitions and allow the child to grow up healthy.