What could be more beautiful and mysterious?pregnancy? Human life, its conception is a wonderful magic of nature. And to experience it, to feel joy, to have doubts and in the end to hug a warm, small, such a dear bundle of happiness to the chest is within the power of only a woman. And when you imagine what is happening in your body and how, it becomes easier to understand the reasons for the malaise, worries go away, peace of mind is established. And this is a big plus for both the baby and the mother. Fetal development by month, the main stages of pregnancy - knowledge necessary for the expectant mother. During the 9 months of pregnancy, tremendous changes occur in the development of the child, and how timely and correct they will be depends on the mother too. Having learned for the first time that you are pregnant, a thousand questions are born in your head about what will happen next. And then - an ordinary miracle.

First trimester of pregnancy

First month This period is characterized by the greatesthigh rate of development. A single-celled zygote, which appears in the process of fusion of a female and male reproductive cell, turns into an embryo. In the first month of pregnancy, its size reaches as much as 13 millimeters. In such a short period of four weeks, an embryo appears from microscopic cells and increases its size almost 10,000 times. Another important event in the life of an embryo in the first month of development is the beginning of the formation of the circulatory system. It already has vessels, and blood circulates through them. At the same time, a tiny heart appears. With the help of special equipment, you can hear the pulse of the embryo (approximately 60 beats per minute). It would seem that only one month, and your future baby already has the rudiments of a brain, liver and digestive system. Still incomplete, but already appears the umbilical cord in the form of an umbilical cord. This is the connection between mother and baby for all nine months. If you look at a month-old embryo under a microscope, you can see small bumps in the head area. These are the future organs of hearing, smell and sight. It is too early to say who you will have. Second month The development of the fetus does not stand still. And the second month brings significant changes. Firstly, its length is already 25 mm, and its weight is about 2 g. The facial section begins to form more actively. In addition to the sense organs, the foundations of the teeth and tongue are laid. At the same stage, the limbs are formed. The hands and fingers become noticeable. The legs also gradually acquire the outline familiar to us. The kneecaps, ankles and feet are visible. The appearance of the first thin layer of skin also occurs in the second month of development. The development of organs, including the genitals, is already controlled by the tiny brain. The baby's liver is busy forming blood cells, and the kidneys cleanse it of uric acid. The thin layer of skin of the embryo is already sensitive to touch. Third month A new month - new changes. A lot changes, for example, the length of the embryo is already 75 mm, and its weight is - Around 30 g. Small nails begin to form. Eyes are covered with eyelids, the foundations of the ligaments (vocal apparatus) are laid, the upper and lower lips appear. During this period, it is possible to determine the sex of the unborn child, but there is a small percentage of error. It is better to wait until a later date. The baby can already swallow and release amniotic fluid. In the ribs and spine, connective tissue is gradually replaced by cartilage. The fetus develops its first reflexes at three months. It is able to move its legs and arms, open and close its mouth, and swallow liquid.

Second trimester of pregnancy

Fourth month The fourth month of pregnancy, andYour baby is almost 20 cm tall. Reflexes continue to develop. In addition to arm and leg movements, the swallowing and sucking reflexes are formed. Motor activity increases noticeably, as muscle tissue is developing rapidly. It is now that the mother has the opportunity to feel the fetus move for the first time. The placenta is almost completely formed and ensures the life of your baby. The body is now growing faster than the head, the fingers and toes are already formed. The baby is covered with soft hair and thick grease. The hair on the head is just beginning to grow. Eyelashes and eyebrows appear, the eyes open. Fifth month The baby can already open his eyes well and squint. Movements become more and more orderly, this is rather a reaction to his condition and the establishment of a connection with the mother. The immune system continues to form, the baby's body is already able to produce substances to fight infections (immunoglobulin and interferon). The endocrine glands begin to work. The production of hormones promotes the metabolism of the baby's body and its further growth. It is by the end of the fifth month that the spleen starts working. It begins to intensively produce lymphocytes and monocytes to protect the body. The quality of red blood cells also depends on the work of the spleen, its responsibilities include sorting red blood cells and destroying low-quality ones. Even now, the baby adheres to an alternate mode of wakefulness and sleep. But the respiratory system is not yet fully formed. And premature birth gives very little chance of survival for the child. Sixth month Growth activity decreases slightly. The baby's height is about 35 centimeters, weight is about 560 g. Subcutaneous fat tissue continues to form. At six months, vision is fully formed. The eyes open and close with the help of the eyelids, the view is not limited. Sound vibrations also become available to the baby's hearing. He enjoys listening to his mother's voice and pleasant melodies. The palms clench into fists and unclench. Modern medicine gives six-month babies a chance to survive premature birth. During this period, sweat glands are formed on the baby's skin. Sometimes you feel light periodic shudders, this means that your baby is hiccuping. The appearance of the baby and its behavior at the end of six months of pregnancy are completely consistent with the baby before birth. During the ultrasound procedure, you can see how the baby frowned, squinted his eyes or opened his mouth. At your request, the doctor can take a photo of the baby for you.

Third trimester of pregnancy

Seventh month The baby's height is already almost 40 cm, andweight - from 1.5 to a little over 2 kg. Reflex activity is very high. The baby is actively moving, performing swallowing movements, even sucking a finger. The hair on the baby's head becomes even more noticeable. In case of premature birth, a favorable outcome is highly likely. By the end of the seventh month of pregnancy, the baby's circulatory system has already acquired all the necessary cells and is able to fully deliver oxygen to all points of the body. The digestive system is prepared to accept mother's milk and can provide the baby with all the necessary nutrients for active growth and development. Eighth month By this time, the baby's height is already 50 cm, the weight varies from 2.5 to 3 kg. There is less and less space for active actions, as the baby has grown significantly. Now the growth of adipose tissue is gaining momentum, which will not allow the baby to freeze at birth. After all, it is much warmer in the mother's tummy. The baby has already taken the final position head down, he is getting ready to be born. His heart beats at a rate of 120 to 160 beats per minute. If you had a cardiotocogram (CTG) at this stage, your baby's heartbeat and increased uterine tone were recorded. These results are used to assess the baby's condition and uterine tone. The baby's lungs are at the development stage, surfactants are being produced (substances that help the lungs straighten at birth).

The ninth month. Waiting for a miracle

The child's growth stops a week beforebirth. The baby's height corresponds to 52 cm (+/- 3 cm), the weight also varies - from 2.8 to 4 kg. Girls are traditionally smaller than boys, but this is not at all necessary, there are exceptions. Fat tissue is actively forming. The pulse becomes more frequent. The skin changes its shade to a lighter one. With the correct presentation at 38 weeks, the baby's head drops closer to the entrance to the small pelvis. The baby lies bent over, pressing his head to the chest, arms crossed on the chest, and legs bent at the joints and pulled up to the stomach. This is the pose for moving along the birth canal. The baby's cranial bones are very soft. This is provided by nature for easy passage through the birth canal. The fluff on the body completely disappears, hair remains only on the head. Lubrication is retained to facilitate the birth process. The liver produces iron in quantities necessary to ensure hematopoiesis throughout the first year of life. The reproductive system is also formed. The fingers are shaped like nails. Meeting your baby may come unexpectedly, so be prepared for this moment. After all, very soon you will hold him in your arms for the first time, kiss him and feed him. The baby is also looking forward to this meeting. He will definitely recognize your voice and feel his mother's warmth. The moment of birth implies the first breath and cry. The lungs are straightened, the child breathes on his own. A new period of your baby's life begins, now all the care for him lies only with you.

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