Development of speech in children

How to help your child develop speech?

Stages of children's speech development

Experts identify several stages of developmentspeech in children. The first stage (from birth to one year) is preparatory - preparation for speech acquisition. It is very important during this period to communicate with the child emotionally as much as possible. Introduce him to the world around him. You will hear the first cooing at two to four months, at five months the baby will already be trying to imitate adults - babbling syllables. The child will begin to repeat a more complex combination of sounds at seven to nine months. By the age of one year, the baby can already, as a rule, pronounce up to 12 words, and correlate a word with an object. By the end of the first year of life, the preparatory stage in speech development ends. In the second year of a child's life, a leap in the development of speech understanding is noticeable, active speech develops. The child uses meaningful words depending on a specific situation - the appearance of mom, dad or a toy. The baby can already carry out simple instructions. By the age of one and a half years, the child's vocabulary contains about 50 words, he tries to correlate a word and an action. Babies understand the meaning of almost all words, while pronouncing fewer words than they understand. Phrasal speech is absent, the child replaces a whole sentence with one word. Gradually begins to build a sentence from two words. By the age of two, many children can already speak in simple sentences. Their vocabulary contains from 50 to 200 words - these are nouns, verbs and adverbs are used less often. They begin to pronounce the vowel sounds a, u, i, the consonant щ, the sounds ы, Э are replaced by и, е. Almost all consonants are pronounced incorrectly, replacing them with simple ones. There is no need to sound the alarm if the baby skips syllables in words or sounds or adds unnecessary ones. Some begin to speak earlier, some later - it's all individual. By the age of three, a child's vocabulary can already count from 300 to 800 words. But speech is not always understandable to others, pronunciation is also far from the norm. The lexicon contains almost all parts of speech. He easily builds sentences of three or four words. The baby recognizes and names objects in pictures, names the actions performed by different animals. Expanded phrases are not yet available. The child does not always manage to coordinate words in gender, number and case, but he already correctly uses verbs of the present and past tense. Also at this age, the child is able to perceive fairy tales and stories, but simple and small in volume, can even answer questions about their content. He memorizes small texts read to him several times. Reading fairy tales, poems and nursery rhymes greatly contributes to the development of speech in young children. The child's vocabulary grows gradually: at three and a half years - 1100 words, at four years - up to 1900, at five years - up to 2200 words. Sound pronunciation is also formed in children differently. Someone already by three or four years correctly pronounces all the sounds, and someone only by five or six.Regular classes with the baby will help develop speech skills.

Talk to the child correctly

Development is a complex process, and so that you do notthere are reasons for concern, pay more attention to your child - talk, play, read. Pay attention to your speech: speak slowly, pronounce words and sounds clearly, do not distort the language, imitating the baby. Speak in short sentences, pause. Learn to listen carefully to the baby. Introduce new words gradually, explain the meaning of new words, be sure to show what this or that object looks like. Be patient - repeat the same word several times. Small children like to copy the actions of adults - when playing together, "cook", "clean up", just pronounce your actions. Do not forget to praise the child, it is important for him to feel your love. If your baby is not in the mood or is sick, put off the games for later.

Exercises for the development of speech

The development of speech in young children will be helpedthe following exercises. 1. Exercises for developing fine motor skills. There are a lot of them - games with a construction set, mosaics, lacing, puzzles, modeling, . Invite your child to string beads on a lace, button and unbutton large buttons, fasten geometric shapes to a string with clothespins. Sort small objects by color and size. 2. Physical exercises - articulation gymnastics. These are all kinds of games with lips and tongue - lick your lips or a spoon, show your tongue, pretend to be a cat lapping up milk, click your tongue. It is also necessary to develop speech breathing - teach your child to exhale long and smoothly through the mouth - blow on a piece of cotton wool, blow an airplane or a paper boat from its place. Blow soap bubbles. 3. Voice exercises. Encourage your child to repeat sounds after you. 4. Speech exercises. Teach your baby short poems with a certain sound. Learn simple tongue twisters. Only a specialist can tell about speech disorders in young children. If you have any doubts or something is alarming, consult a speech therapist. According to the doctor's recommendations, you can also practice at home. How to help a baby when he has ?