“Congenital literacy,” I shrugged.the answer to the question of how I manage to get “excellent” for punctuation, spelling and other syntax. I really wrote without mistakes, without thinking about it at all. Intuitively correctly placed commas. Without knowing a single rule on the Russian language - except perhaps "zhi-shi". Absolutely, in my opinion, is obvious. But is literacy really innate? Maybe it's something else? Probably yes. I read a lot, and books in a good edition. Absorbed beautiful literate speech right from the pages. Experts also say that the thing is more in visual memory. And it can be developed - and thus help both the child and myself to begin to speak and write “in Russian”, without any “padonkaffsky”.Photo: Getty ImagesWhy kids forget how to write

• Teachers, psychologists and sociologists are primarily inone voice calls the first and main cause of illiteracy: lack of reading habits. And not only children and teenagers do not read, but also the majority of adults. Or they read it, but not that: in the “literary waste paper” you will not only find samples of literate speech, but there is nothing wrong with the proofreading. Comics, detectives in paperbacks - there is neither syllable nor literacy.
• Internet communication also contributes to illiteracy: abbreviations, slang, negligent spelling, and other “I hear and write” involuntarily are transferred to normal written language.
• Problems with grammar can also appear due tospeech problems. The child's literacy very often depends on whether he spells out all the sounds correctly (he utters incorrectly, he will also write wrongly). Before school, and better still be sure to visit a speech therapist. After all, a professional can sometimes hear what even mom does not hear. If you manage to correct the pronunciation in time, it will be much easier for the child to avoid many problems with correct spelling.

How to develop visual memoryThe activity is actually not complicated. And even fun. In general, everything should be taught to children in the form of a game. And we will work with memory, also playing. For example:

• “Find 10 Differences” pictures are not only a way to kill time, but also an excellent method for developing attention and memory;

• the game "What is missing?". Lay out on the table a few items (5−10, depending on age). Let the child look at them and remember. Then ask him to turn away and remove something or rearrange. The task is to determine what has changed;

• game "draw from memory". Show your child a piece of paper with simple figures or patterns. Let him try to draw them from memory;
• tablet to help. Yes, educational games got to the memory. There are such types of solitaire - you turn the card over, you see the meaning, and then you look for a pair for it. Willy-nilly, remember where you saw which card. The excitement is doing its job.

Photo: Getty Images How to develop literacyAt the preschool age

• Read the child. Speak clearly when reading. Even if it will be the same fairy tale, which requires the baby again and again.

• Talk to your child more. Every time you read fairy tales, lead a conversation: who is the main character, where does he live, what does he do ... And make sure that the child answers not in monosyllables, but build sentences.

In primary school

• In the 1st grade, see what words the childmake mistakes, and always work on the mistakes. And do not focus on mistakes! If the child asks how to spell a word, immediately give the correct answer. That is, the phrase is not built in the following way: “Not“ a ”is written here, but“ o ” And so: “Correctly write the letter“ o ”.
• Literacy will help and regulardictations. For example, from exercises of the textbook. When making homemade dictations, first be sure to read the text out loud and ask the child to close his eyes and, listening, present what the text says. And only then begin to write.

A photo: GettyImagesAt high schoolIf a child missed school, do not only homework, but also all the things that the children did in class. And in general, the golden rule is that not the most capable, but the most diligent exams best of all. That is, the one who is not lazy to perform the entire routine of daily tasks. Then the spelling rules will be respected automatically. Moreover, there are not so many really complicated among them. And if something fails in any way, one must turn to a teacher for help. As in elementary school, work on mistakes remains the most important weapon in the fight against illiteracy. She must be required! A good teacher all students give birth to a special notebook, where they write out the words in which they made mistakes. Then dictations are made of these words. I can’t not write in this article about the rules of pronunciation of some words, which are very often pronounced incorrectly and horribly cut a rumor. It's just a cry from the heart ...

• Let's start with the banal ringing and them. If someone still says these words incorrectly, write them with a red marker and hang them in a visible place. The emphasis in the word "ringing" is put analogous to the word "knocks". And remember - the pronouns "theirs" DOES NOT EXIST! Speak and write - THEM!
• Verbs "wear" and "wear". Remember that clothes are COVERED and people are COATED. If it is difficult to understand, remember the phrase: “Wear Hope, put on clothes”.
• In the Russian language DOES NOT EXIST the word "lay down"! With consoles - please: Lay, Lay, Move. There is the word "put", here it is used without prefixes - in no way case "poklast" or "put"!
• Never say “win” or “win”! The verb "win" has no first person singular form in the future tense. It is replaced by - “I will win”, “I will be able to win”.

Phew, that feels better. Of course, this is far from the entire list of typical mistakes. But getting rid of at least them is already cool.

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