Just yesterday, your little one was amusing, touchingsurrounding with a smile. And already today he goes to a kindergarten, and the school is not far off. Perhaps he even knows everything, well, or almost all the letters, tells poetry and in general an extremely clever child. But you are persistently pursued by the idea that something is wrong with him. Of course! The kid does not pronounce the letter "p". And this is at best - in the worst at the kid in general in a mouth there can be a present "porridge"! What should parents do in this situation? It would seem that the answer is obvious - logopedic exercises will help to solve the problem. And this is correct, but only partly. Do not rush things and try to correct this defect in children under five years old. Speech therapists explain - in the event that the child develops harmoniously, does not have any problems with the articulatory apparatus, then the sound of "p" in his speech will appear only by the age of five. This sound is the last sound that appears in a baby. However, in some cases, the crumb will not be able to pronounce the letter "p" independently. In this case, be sure to show the child to the doctor - dentist - in half of all such cases the cause of the problem is a shortened sublingual frenum. In this case, the problem is solved very simply - just cut it. The operation will take no more than ten seconds, and by the evening the kid will completely forget about it. But in the second half of the cases for the statement of the letter "p", most likely, the child will need the help of a speech therapist. However, in most cases, parents can try to do it themselves. To do this you will need very little - free time, patience and knowledge of what exactly you need to do.
Preparatory exercises
Speech therapy with the baby is a processlong enough, so do not expect that the child begins to pronounce the letter "p" by the end of the first lesson. Before proceeding directly to the production of sound, it is necessary to prepare a speech apparatus and lungs. For this, the following exercises are ideally suited:
- We train the lungs
For a child to correctly pronouncethe letter "p", it is necessary to teach him how to exhale properly. To do this, try to perform with the baby a similar exercise: ask the child to take a deep breath, and then not just to exhale, but to blow very much, as if blowing an imaginary candle, causing the lips to vibrate at the same time. Parents should practice their own practice beforehand to demonstrate the child. By the way, some speech therapists advise to use the real candle for the child's relief. However, of course, in any case it is unacceptable to forget about fire safety. This child should repeat the exercise at least ten times.
- Practicing the language
The kid should completely relax the tongue andsqueeze it between the teeth. Then you need to breathe deeply and exhale with effort, pronouncing any vowel letter, causing the language to vibrate. The tongue and lips of the child should be completely relaxed. In order to check the correctness of the exercise, it is necessary to bring the palm to the child's mouth - if everything is right, you will feel a sharp flow of cold air. Such an exercise is necessary about ten times in a row. No less useful is the so-called "clinking" language. Ask the child to voice the gait of the horse - first show the child how to do it. The tongue must first touch the sky with the whole surface, and then drop sharply downward. In order for this exercise to bring the expected benefits, it is necessary to follow the lower jaw of the child - it should be relaxed. Continue this exercise should be about one minute. Ask the child to open the mouth in such a way that the gap between the teeth is about two fingers. Ask the baby to lift the tongue and touch the sky - the bridle should be as tight as possible. The tongue should be held in this position for as long as possible. 
Articulatory gymnastics
After a week of preparatory exercises, you canto proceed directly to the performance of articulatory gymnastics. In the arsenal of speech therapists there is a very large number of a variety of exercises, but we will only talk about the most effective of them. So, logopedic exercises - the letter P:
- Swing
This exercise is one of the mosteffective not only for the letter "p", but also for the purity of speech as a whole. Ask the crumb to smile and open his mouth wide. After that, start the score for a beat of "one or two". For each of your accounts, the child must translate the tip of the tight tongue from one corner of the lips to the other. The lower jaw of a toddler must remain stationary throughout the exercise. The duration of this exercise is about two minutes.
- Brush and paint
The starting position for this exercise is similar toprevious - ask the crumb to smile and open her mouth. Then show the child how to relax in a relaxed language across the sky in the direction from the teeth to the throat, like a brush on paper. The lower jaw of the child must be immovable. The time for this exercise is five minutes.
- Toothbrush
Ask the crumb to smile and slightly openmouth. The tense tip of the tongue of the crumb should simulate the movements of the toothbrush over the upper teeth. Movement should be very diverse - and upwards - down, and circular. The duration of the exercise should be about three minutes.
- Calculate the teeth
And again, ask the baby to open his mouth. The child should, with a strained tip of the tongue, take turns touching each tooth from the upper row, from the inside. In just one session, the child must count his teeth at least ten times. The lower jaw of the crumb must remain immobile at all times.
- Playing the accordion
Ask the child to smile and open his mouth. The relaxed tongue should be fixed in the sky, then open and close the mouth ten times. After this, the child must completely relax all the facial muscles for a couple of minutes.
- Drumroll
Ask the baby to open his mouth. Without closing it, the kid should clearly and repeatedly pronounce the sound of "d-dd". Make sure that his tongue all the time rested against the upper teeth, and his mouth remained open. The duration of this exercise is three minutes.
- Mosquito
The starting position is the same: open mouth. The tip of the tongue should be made by the child for the upper teeth, after which the sound "sssz" should be pronounced. The duration of the exercise is three minutes.
Pronouncing the sound "P" in a conversation
After your child has mastered everythingthe above exercises, you can proceed to the next stage - the production of the pronounced solid sound "p". First, ask the child to do the following: The tensioned tip of the tongue should be pressed to the sky, and the edges of the tongue to the upper molars. After that, the child should try to pronounce the letter "p". If everything works out, the tip of the tongue should vibrate. In the event that everything is done correctly, the sound will turn out to be clean and strong. If this does not happen, start over. However, in spite of the fact that your child can pronounce the sound "p" at the request, do not rush to rejoice and consider that the deed is done. Of course - this is a big breakthrough, but not all, but only half. It is necessary to automate the correct pronunciation of this sound during the conversation of the child. But you can do this only after the child learns how to pronounce "p" without difficulty, without any difficulty. Otherwise, all your efforts will go wrong. Automating the pronunciation of the sound "p" is a very laborious task, which can take a very long time. First, the child will need to learn how to pronounce the letter "p" in individual syllables, then in words, and then in sentences. And only after this can we expect a normal pronunciation of the letter "p" in spontaneous speech. First, you need to teach the child to pronounce the letter "p" well in the syllables with consonants - for example, pr .., cp ... After the child learns this pronunciation, go to the next stage - the pronunciation of the sound "p" in direct syllables, for example, ..a ... And only after that you can teach the child to pronounce the sound "p" at the end of the words. After all these steps, the automation of the pronunciation of the letter begins. In this task you will be helped by various poems, tongue twisters and tongue twisters. They are very effective for automating the pronunciation of the letter "p", but only on the condition that they will be matched according to the age category. And this is quite understandable - after all, speech therapy exercises for children of 3 years will be significantly different from the same exercises designed for older children. Finally I would like to repeat it again - do not rush and do not rush things. It is unlikely that you will be able to cope with the task for two to three weeks, or even a month. On average, the production of the pronunciation of the sound "p" takes about three months, although in some cases it can take as much as less time. Be patient enough and in no case do not abuse the child in the event that something happens to him not the first time. In the event that classes will take place under pressure and in a tense atmosphere, their effectiveness will be much lower. Therefore, the child must constantly feel the support of the parents and engage with pleasure. And do not forget to show the child to the speech therapist!
