There are quite a lot of differentdiseases of the digestive tract. And one of them is pancreatitis. This disease is not so harmless, therefore, if you or your relatives have pancreatitis, treatment should begin as soon as possible. And in order to timely pay attention to the existing problem and consult a doctor, you need to know about the symptoms of the disease. So, what is this - pancreatitis? Doctors call this the state of the human body, which inflames the pancreas. Most often this state develops under the influence of various factors from the outside, for example:
Signs of pancreatitis
Disease pancreatitis occursparoxysmal - deterioration of the state proceeds undulating. During an attack of pancreatitis, a sick person experiences strong pains, localized in the upper abdomen. In addition, very often such pain can be very much given back, which can make it difficult to diagnose the disease. As a rule, pain develops within the first thirty minutes after eating. The pain can last a very long time - from several hours to several days. The pain can be intense and debilitating, depriving the sick person of sleep, and maybe barely sensitive - it all depends on how strong the inflammatory process affecting the pancreas. In addition to pain during pancreatitis attacks, very often a person has a feeling of nausea, exhausting vomiting, a loose stool with a greasy sheen can open. A sick person very quickly loses fluid, and, correspondingly, body weight. During a day during an attack a sick person can lose up to two kilograms of weight. And, in addition, the human skin, its mucous membranes and the whites of the eyes acquire a yellowish hue. Immediately after the onset of an attack of pancreatitis, the sick person should be hospitalized as soon as possible in a hospital. This need is explained by the fact that an attack of pancreatitis poses a rather serious threat to the general state of the human body, as often during an attack there is necrosis of pancreatic tissue. There are several varieties of pancreatitis. Of course, they have very much in common - the causes of the development of the disease, its course and so on. However, some differences still exist. It is about them that will be discussed below. It is necessary to know that the treatment of pancreatitis was started in a timely manner.
Acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis can lead to the onset ofvery serious inflammatory changes and even decay of pancreatic tissue. In this pathological process, the entire pancreas can be involved, as well as only its individual parts. In especially severe cases with acute pancreatitis, necrosis of the pancreatic tissue can occur with suppuration and the formation of multiple abscesses, pinpoint hemorrhages in the tissue. This condition is extremely dangerous for the patient's condition and requires immediate hospitalization in the hospital. But, alas, even in this case, with intensive treatment, the life of a sick person can not be saved at times. That's why you can not linger in this situation in any case - at the first symptoms of the disease you need to seek medical help as soon as possible. According to the doctors, the most common acute pancreatitis lies in wait for the elderly, as well as those who suffer from excess weight. And, in addition, women are much more likely than men to suffer from acute pancreatitis. Therefore, if you are at risk, be especially attentive to your health and remember - the earlier treatment of pancreatitis is started, the more effective it is. 
The course of acute pancreatitis
The most important leading symptom of acutepancreatitis are pain in the abdomen, localized either in the right or in the left hypochondrium. As a rule, during acute pancreatitis pain does not stop for a minute, their intensity is constantly increasing, in the absence of timely medical care, the risk of developing pain shock is great enough. By the way, keep in mind - in the event that the inflammatory process affects the entire tissue of the pancreas, the pain can be shrouded in nature. Very soon after the onset of an attack a person begins vomiting. However, vomiting in this situation does not bring a sick person any sense of relief. In the vomit themselves, bile impurities can often be observed. Also, a sick person complains of hiccough, eructation and a strong feeling of dryness in the mouth. If the attack of acute pancreatitis is not stopped at the very beginning of the disease, the condition of the sick person deteriorates rapidly - it can significantly increase body temperature, there is shortness of breath and tachycardia, blood pressure decreases. The person starts to sweat - and sweat, as a rule, sticky and cold, despite the raised body temperature. The skin of a person becomes pale and very quickly acquires an earthy-gray color. Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, as a rule, for an experienced doctor is not difficult. The doctor examines the person and assigns him a number of necessary studies:
- Blood test
With acute hepatitis, the blood levels of ESR and leukocytes were increased, and a marked increase in the level of amylase was also observed.
- Analysis of urine
- Obstetric radiography of the abdominal cavity
When performing a review radiography, the doctor mayObserve the presence of intestinal paresis, increased flatulence and high diaphragm position. It is also often noted the accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavities. As already mentioned above, with the first symptoms of acute pancreatitis, the sick person should get qualified medical care as soon as possible. As a rule, timely treatment, in the first hours after the onset of an attack, can stop the development of the inflammatory process. As a rule, during the first few days a sick person must comply with strict bed rest. Food intake for this period should also be discontinued completely, only alkaline drinking is allowed. To cure pancreatitis, a diet is mandatory. The stomach of a sick person is washed with a gastric probe with cold water - this measure helps to significantly reduce the intensity of the inflammatory process. Immediately should begin and drug treatment - intravenous injection of various antispasmodic and analgesic drugs that reduce the intensity of pain and ease the general condition of a person. In addition, the patient is prescribed a course of treatment with antibiotic drugs, which are necessary in order to remove the existing inflammatory process and prevent secondary infection.
Chronic pancreatitis
In addition to the acute form of pancreatitisthere is also a kind of disease, such as chronic pancreatitis. This disease is characterized by the presence in a sick person of a chronic inflammatory process of the pancreas. Chronic inflammatory process leads to impaired functioning of the pancreas. The disease then exacerbates, then subsides. The complications of this form of the disease are exactly the same as in the acute form of pancreatitis, with the only difference that they do not develop so quickly - fibrosis and necrosis of pancreatic tissue. In addition, it is often chronic pancreatitis that serves as a provoking factor in the development of diseases such as cholecystitis, duodenitis, gastritis. In addition, often enough because of chronic pancreatitis develops hepatitis. And, needless to say, that because the pancreas is inflamed and can not fully perform its functions, the risk of developing diabetes is very high. Symptoms of chronic hepatitis are very similar to those of acute form, however, not expressed in such a vivid form. During the disease a person experiences pain in the hypochondrium. The intensity can be very different - from barely perceptible to very strong, both permanent and cramped. Also during chronic pancreatitis, attacks of nausea and even vomiting are not uncommon, and in vomit masses with chronic pancreatitis, as well as with acute pancreatitis, an impurity of bile is almost always found. A sick person almost always complains of a feeling of dry mouth, poor appetite, there is a significant weight loss. Also, special attention should be paid to the patient's chair - it becomes mushy, often with pieces of undigested food. And, in addition, the most striking feature of chronic pancreatitis is a fatty stool - it is poorly washed with water. It appears as a result of the fact that the body of a sick person loses the ability to digest fats. As the course of the disease in humans, diarrhea begins to occur more often. Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis, as a rule, does not represent any special problems for the doctor - gastroenterologist. When performing an ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity, the physician sees the altered pancreas - it is either reduced or enlarged in size, excessively densified. In addition, on the pancreas of a sick person, there may be areas of necrosis or fibrosis. During an exacerbation of attacks of a chronic pancreatitis there are certain changes and from a blood - leucocytes and an ESR increase, the level of an amylase, both in blood, and in urine is observed. When koprologicheskom study feces found particles of food, muscle fibers and neutral fat. With exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis, the sick person, just like in the acute form of the disease, needs hospitalization in a hospital. During an exacerbation a person is shown a strict bed rest. As you already know, no matter what course the pancreatitis has taken, the diet is mandatory. In order to relieve attacks of pain, a sick person receives injections of such drugs as atropine, no-spa or papaverine. In addition, a sick person undergoes treatment with pancreatitis with anti-inflammatory drugs that significantly reduce the severity of the inflammatory process or completely stop it. In order to facilitate the work of the pancreas and reduce gastric secretion, the sick person should take such drugs as ranitidine, almagel, cimetidine. In addition, during an exacerbation of pancreatitis, a patient suffers from constipation, flatulence, bloating - to increase digestion of food, it is necessary to take enzymatic pharmacological preparations: mezim-forte, festal, gastal. After arresting an attack of chronic pancreatitis, as well as after a disease with acute pancreatitis, even if it has caught up with a person for the first time in life, the patient should completely reconsider his way of life. The first thing to do is to completely stop using any drinks that contain alcohol. Alcohol greatly worsens the well-being of a person who has experienced inflammation of the pancreas. And the second restriction is the diet: it needs to be radically revised. If you, at least once in your life had pancreatitis, the diet is simply required, because the disease can happen again at any time. A fatty, smoked, salted and canned food, fizzy drinks at times increase the risk of recurrence of the disease. Your health in this case is in your hands! We advise you to read:
