Pain caused by ischemic heart disease
Pain is most often a consequence ofdiseases of the cardiovascular system. The heart is the central organ of the human body, which does not stop its work for a minute. Diseases of the cardiovascular system are at 1 place in prevalence, according to official data. They are also the cause of high mortality. Among them, a special place is occupied by ischemic disease. This is a complex of diseases associated with impaired function of this organ and a lack of its blood supply. Often, it can appear against the background of so-called coronary insufficiency (spasm of arteries that feed the heart with oxygen). The flow of oxygen to the myocardium must be constant, otherwise cardiomyocytes (cells) will die. As a result, necrosis and infarction can occur. Arterial compression is more common in IHD, as a result of which optimal blood flow is disrupted, blood pressure rises and the heart does not receive oxygen to the fullest. The reason for ischemia can be in the presence of atherosclerotic plaques, which clog the lumen of the vessels. Spasm of the vessels is characterized by the appearance of acute pain in the chest, which can radiate into the left scapula or arm. Pain can increase with inspiration, while the patient becomes very pale or vice versa blushes. The arterial pressure rises. These pains can last a short time and be the result of angina or tension, if they are triggered by neuropsychic stress. They can develop and with angina pectoris. Stop pain in the chest with nitroglycerin, which should give effect within minutes. They do not have to be tolerated. 
Pain with myocardial infarction
Very often angina can go into a heart attack. If nitroglycerin does not help, then do a second appointment, if that did not help, then you need to call an ambulance urgently. The pain becomes worse, it becomes intolerable. This is due to the fact that as a result of the violation of blood flow, myocardial cells begin to die. Such a patient may lose consciousness or die from shock. The pressure drops sharply. Myocardial infarction can be asymptomatic, while patients carry it on their feet, which can cause their death. There are atypical forms of myocardial infarction. They are characterized by the appearance of pains not in the thoracic region, but in other parts of the body: on the face, neck, left arm. Such pain appears more often in the elderly. The main symptoms in her are pallor, cyanotic lips and fingertips, a drop in blood pressure, weakness, heart rhythm disturbances. She with a heart attack has a burning, pressing or squeezing character. It can spread to the entire thorax and even the stomach, irradiate to the left collarbone or scapula, which often causes difficulties in diagnosing this pathology.
Other heart diseases that cause pain syndrome
Pain can also occur in other diseasescardiovascular system, such as mitral valve prolapse, aneurysm, thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery. The prolapse of the mitral valve is characterized by the deflection of the mitral valve flaps into the atrium. Often there is pain in the chest, fainting, weakness. This pathology can be asymptomatic. Pain is a transitory, optional symptom. Another reason for the appearance of this symptom is an aneurysm of the arteries. It is characterized by protrusion of the vessel wall inwards, which contributes to the violation of blood flow, occlusion of the vessel. She has shortness of breath, chest pains and other symptoms. This pathology is dangerous because of its complication - a rupture, which requires urgent medical attention. In most cases an aneurysm can become a consequence of the development of atherosclerosis. The aneurysm can be exfoliating, then it manifests itself as bursting pains behind the sternum, loss of consciousness, a severe general condition. 
Chest pain associated with chest and spinal injuries
With various injuries of the chest, a person can forgetabout her after a while, but the pain then reappears. It can be blunt, aching or acute - depending on the nature of the injury. It is localized exactly in the place of defeat. It can increase with breathing, touching the chest area. Muscular lesions are also of great diagnostic value. At the same time, they undergo significant changes, they can form nodules. Almost all muscles are connected with nerves, as a result of which their pain sensitivity is increased, the pain threshold is reduced. Pain in the chest occurs more often due to irradiation from the muscles. Of great importance are fractures of the ribs and spinal injuries. It does not pass by itself and therefore, if there are cracks and fractures of the ribs, you should always consult a doctor.
Chest pain due to psychogenic factors
Very often the cause of the pain syndrome isvegetative-vascular dystonia. This is not an independent disease, but a symptom complex. It can be observed at various pathological conditions: liver diseases, traumas, pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, allergies, some infections. In this case, the function of the autonomic nervous system, innervating all internal organs, is disturbed. The main symptoms of this illness are: the emergence of panic attacks, stress, mood swings, lability of blood pressure, sweating or dry skin, a violation of the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, discomfort, chest pain, general weakness, fear of death, the presence of sympathetic adrenal crises and others. A special place is occupied by so-called panic attacks. They can be the result of stress and strain. They show off with strong anxiety and fear. The heart begins to work in a different mode, there is pain, chills, shivering, nausea, fear of going insane or dying. 
Pain localized in the right side of the breast
For the most part, the pain occurs with the lefthalf of the breast because of the location of such an organ as the heart. But very often the pain can appear on the right. What kind of organs are located there, and why does pain syndrome occur? So, on the right in the chest area are the following anatomical entities: liver, gall bladder, right side of the intestine and diaphragm. Pain can appear as a result of the development of such pathologies as infections, hepatitis (viral), pancreatitis and renal colic. Pancreatitis is characterized by an inflammatory process of the pancreas. This organ is located under the stomach, but the pain in the chest that occurs with it can be a consequence of simple irradiation. In the chronic course of pain, they are dull, aching, accompanied by impaired motor activity and swelling. When acute - the pain in the chest is more intense, sometimes unbearable. It can be amplified by changing the position of the body (bending the trunk). Requires immediate medical intervention, sometimes surgery. With hepatitis, the pain is more dull, has a diffuse character, often appears in the right upper quadrant, but one can also observe chest pain.
Diseases of the respiratory system
Another group of diseases are diseasesrespiratory system. These include pleurisy, pulmonary tuberculosis, cancer, bronchitis and tracheitis. All of them can cause pain in the chest. Let us dwell on pleurisy. The pleura is a connective tissue covering the lungs. They consist of 2 leaves: the right and the left, which form a pleural cavity. Pleurisy is an inflammation of this membrane. It includes many symptoms, one of which is chest pain. It increases with sneezing, coughing, accompanied by an increase in temperature. Another reason for the appearance of this symptom is the germination of lung cancer into the pleural cavity. Pain in the chest is very strong. In some situations, air or fluid can enter the pleural cavity, resulting in pneumothorax or hydrothorax. In this or that case, a sudden acute pain, cyanotic skin, shortness of breath and a drop in blood pressure are characteristic. The air irritates the pleura, so there is pain, it is difficult for the patient to breathe and move. She can irradiate to the upper limb, shoulder and even the abdomen on the side of the lesion. Externally, this pathology is manifested by an increase in the size of the chest, an expansion of intercostal spaces. You can help with this only in a hospital.
Gastrointestinal pathology
The causes of chest pain can be a consequence oflesions and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Among them, a special place is occupied by gastric ulcer. Pain with her appears on an empty stomach and go away after eating. Most often they are associated with eating. The pain is not removed by nitroglycerin, which excludes angina. But the reception of spasmolytic medications, such as no-shpa or papaverine, helps. They eliminate muscle spasms and the pain disappears. Pain syndrome can occur with diaphragmatic hernia. This disease is characterized by the exit of part of the stomach or other organs into the lower diaphragmatic opening. With the contraction of this respiratory muscle, the organs are jammed and chest pains appear, very similar to the one that occurs with angina pectoris. Strong painful sensations occur also with spasms of the bile duct and gall bladder. Tuberculosis is characterized by pain in the chest (behind the sternum), hemoptysis, decreased immunity.
Female diseases
In addition to all of the above diseases, paincan cause and exclusively female pathology. Chest pain in women can appear as a result of hormonal changes, menopause, breast cancer, infections, mastopathy and so on. It can be cyclical or not cyclical. Such diseases require the patient's suspicion and timely examination in the hospital.
