- level of health in general (smoking, alcohol, drugs, exercise, medical examination);
- presence or absence of infections (syphilis, HIV, hepatitis, urogenital infections).
Usually only 20% of parents think aboutpreparation for childbirth and only 10% for conception. It is worth noting that the vast majority think about preparing for conception only because there is a probability of infertility. 
Evaluation of immune and interferon status
Specialists have established that the system of interferonResponsible for immunity to viral infection of the body. Interferons are secreted by the cells in response to the infection that has infiltrated them. They block selectively viral RNA, thereby preventing the virus from multiplying and not affecting the body cells. All this makes it possible to use interferons in the process of preparation for conception. An important factor in miscarriage is considered to be a change in the body's immune response. In this case, autoimmune reactions develop that are directed against the body's own tissues. After spontaneous abortions, autoantibodies can build up as autoimmunization occurs to the hormone that is produced by the placenta during pregnancy with chronic infection, hccs (human chorionic gonadotropin), autoimmune diseases, endocrine diseases. If there is a chronic bacterial-viral infection, the preparation for conception includes such stages:
- evaluation of the reproductive system of both spouses, as well as correction of detected violations;
- examination for the detection of the causative agent (infectious agent), for which a serodiagnosis is performed, which reflects the activity of the process;
- examination of the immune and interferon status and their correction;
- check and correction of hemostasis (blood clotting system), activated with chronic infection, which takes a direct part in the death and subsequent rejection of the fetus;
- adjustment of the energy exchange of spouses through the appointment of courses of therapy, which is based on the correction of metabolism (metabolism).
The presence of common diseases
When one of the future parents is ill with some kind ofa common disease that is not related to the function of childbearing, then you should consult a specialist and undergo an appropriate examination. The purpose of such a survey is to determine the degree of damage to the diseased organ, as well as the possibilities of adaptation of the organism and the prognosis of development of the fetal egg. The survey helps determine the state of the reproductive system of future parents. The doctor, on the basis of the data obtained, determines the level of health in general and, if necessary, prescribes a certain preparation for conception in order to eliminate risk factors for miscarriage. The best preparation for pregnancy is the conduct of a healthy lifestyle, which includes many factors: nutrition, physical activity, hardening, peace of mind, fighting chronic infections, good work.
Proper nutrition is the key to successful conception
Proper nutrition in the preceding conceptionthe period allows the fetus to receive in the subsequent useful substances from the beginning of pregnancy, at the moment when organs are formed. It is worth noting that improper diet can also cause miscarriage. Full nutrition implies the exclusion of all semi-finished products and preservatives, fatty foods. The ration must necessarily contain fresh vegetables and fruits. Food is taken 4-5 times a day, without snacks. According to scientists, pregnant women do not need to use synthetic vitamins and nutritional supplements, they do not need them. One of the main substances that are prescribed for the prevention of certain diseases of an innate nature is folic acid. 2-3 months before conception and in the first trimester of pregnancy, you should eat foods that contain folic acid. These are fresh herbs, beets, cabbage, uncooked potatoes, carrots, beans, peas, bran, whole grains, nuts and seeds. In addition, doctors do not recommend abusing the liver, since it contains a lot of vitamin A, and this can damage the future child. When a woman spends sufficient time in the fresh air and receives the necessary amount of plant proteins, this only contributes to successful conception and pregnancy. 
What else is included in the preparation for conception
The most frequent chronic infections in the familyare associated with the nasopharynx, teeth, as well as the intestine and vagina of the expectant mother. Therefore, before conception, it is necessary to treat the teeth of both spouses, to prevent the chronic diseases of the nasopharynx. In the process of preparation for conception, future parents should be examined for various chronic infections: chlamydia and ureaplasmosis. They must be treated before pregnancy, then undergo a rehabilitation course and boost the body's immunity. 2-3 months before the expected conception, it is necessary to stop taking hormonal contraceptives, because their residual amounts minimize absorption of magnesium, vitamin C, folic acid in the body and increase the absorption of vitamin A. Moreover, after the abolition of hormonal contraceptives in the first months, the probability of the birth of twins increases , as from the ovaries can not go one, and two eggs. As mentioned above, spermatozoa mature within 72 days, and at this time before conception it is not recommended to perform X-ray examinations, especially to the father. Separately, we should pay attention to alcohol. It has long been known that it negatively affects spermatogenesis. Alcohol after exposure to the blood immediately affects the spermatic fluid, which is responsible for the viability of the spermatozoa. Women, too, should not drink alcohol, because alcohol significantly increases the risk of miscarriage or birth of a baby with any pathology. Therefore, experts recommend that future parents use alcoholic beverages in minimum quantities approximately 3 months before the proposed conception. The quality of sperm can worsen when wearing too tight jeans or underwear, working in a hot shop or overheating in a testicle bath. Therefore, these factors must also be excluded. If you fulfill the above conditions, then the probability of successful conception of the child and his birth will be quite high. 
What specialists are recommended to visit before conception
All women who are going to conceive a baby should do:
- a general blood test (you need to know the number of leukocytes, red blood cells, hemoglobin, etc.);
- general urine analysis;
- blood chemistry;
- smears;
- research on sexual infections.
It is recommended to pass to both spousesmedical and genetic counseling. Visit a therapist who must check for chronic diseases and, if necessary, treat. Such ailments can significantly complicate the course of pregnancy, so it is important to recognize and cure them before conception. It is necessary to visit the dentist in advance and, if there are dental diseases, treat them. The woman still needs to undergo examination at the gynecologist. Assess its condition will allow for a general examination, determination of the hormonal profile, ultrasound and functional diagnostics tests, namely the measurement of basal temperature. The future father should receive a consultation with the andrologist and urologist, because quite a number of diseases that negatively affect reproductive health take place in a latent form. In addition to visiting specialists, prospective parents must submit tests for sexually transmitted infections, cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, hepatitis B and C, and HIV. Not detected in time chronic untreated bacterial and viral infection - this is one of the main factors of miscarriage. Even if there is no direct effect on the fetus, the infection can lead to the development of endocrine and autoimmune disorders, chronic endometritis. This can cause deviations in the development of the fetus and even lead to its death. Conception is the beginning of pregnancy, and this step must be prepared in advance, so that in the future there are no problems with the child.
