Our society is completely and completely tied to thecommunication. A successful person is instructed to be active, communicative and easy on the rise. The fear of people, or social phobia, does not fit into this ideal image at all. Statistics are inexorable: about five percent of the adult population of the world are familiar with this sad disorder. How to determine if you have this phobia? What are its causes and symptoms? How to get rid of it? Look for answers to your questions in our article.

Fear of people: causes

It is quite natural that, speaking of somephenomenon, you want to know where "his legs grow" from. Some psychologists adhere to the theory that the fear of people is a phobia contrived by modern society. Like, when a person does something wrong, he hangs on a label "social phobia" and with a calm soul disowns from the possible beginnings. Only this explains the behavior of young people and adolescents, but not of mature individuals, who nevertheless find themselves in captivity at their own fear. What factors affect the appearance of this disorder?

• Anatomy and Physiology Currently there isseveral medical versions concerning social phobia. Some scientists believe that the whole fault is a genetic predisposition to an intense experience of a sense of fear, which may well be transmitted from the parents. Others suggest that the whole thing is a violation of the structure of the nervous system, which causes an imbalance of hormones in the body. For example, a lack of serotonin may well be involved in manifestations of social phobia.
• Character Already in childhood one can observe that everythingpeople behave differently. Some are calm and silent, while others constantly "climb for trouble." They are sociable, contact and feel "like a fish in the water" among the new guys. Future social phobes are usually characterized by anxiety, secrecy and reluctance to separate from their mother. One has only to try to talk to them - and fifteen minutes of crying crying are assured to you.
• Mockery from others Unfortunately, sois often enough that a modest and shy child is confronted with a misunderstanding of peers, and sometimes teachers. Fear of appearing ridiculous and awkward increases from the negative reaction of others, which further increases their aggression. So it turns out a vicious circle, as a result of which the child becomes an outcast.
• Long-term stress Not always a phobia happensit is connected with communicative psychological traumas. The child's psyche is so arranged that, when he can not cope with the circumstances that are too difficult for him, a negative symptom "crawls out" in one area or another. But, as a rule, all these stresses are associated with lack of support and inferiority complex.
• Parent's hyperope When a couple is bornchild, they wish him the best. And very imperceptibly pass the line between simple care and hyperope. In what way is this expressed? In constant calls to the child on the phone, a heap of rules and rules, sometimes completely unnecessary, hard schedule of the day and other restrictions, disguised under the idea "we wish you well" or "you have to grow up a good person." All this does not allow the child to fully come into contact with the real world, tk. parental actions distort his perception. And then, in relation to reality, the child develops a phobia.
• Lack of social skillssome restrictions, they somehow deprive the child of the opportunity to gain important and useful experience, especially in communicating with other people. For example, a mother who does not allow other children to offend her, without knowing it, deprives him of the ability to stand up for himself and protect his borders. As this experience turns out to be very small compared to other people, an already grown-up child does not have an adequate idea of ​​the norms of behavior in society, let alone informal ones.
• Lack of love Very many problems in lifepeople "grow" from the banal lack of love of the child by the parents. He subconsciously grows with the feeling that the world is hostile, and the people who inhabit it, will always lower, offend, repel. Naturally, he seeks to avoid such negative experiences, and this fear forms a phobia.
• Imitation of parents Another reason why,why some people are afraid of communication. How does the child grow and develop? He looks at his parents and uncritically assimilates their manners, attitudes, attitude to the world and patterns of behavior. If parents lead a closed and unsociable way of life, they are wary of new people, and communication is not a joy for them, but a source of stress and problems, it is likely that the child will inherit their worldview.
• Violence In any species it becomes the cause anda source of many personal problems. The psyche reminds us of plasticine, on which trace all the more or less significant events of our life. If a person has experienced violence, then he will now perceive all people as a source of potential threat. Any phobia, including people, will flourish on this basis, because the energy that such a psychotrauma, like violence, carries in it is very, very strong.

Symptoms of social phobia

In general, it has now become fashionable to use seriouspsychiatric terms in everyday life. From everywhere you can hear words like "depression," "phobia," "nonsense," etc. ... But after all, each of them hides a particular mental disorder or borderline state! Naturally, our readers are interested in specific symptoms, on the basis of which we can draw a conclusion about the severity of this or that condition. So, how does this phobia manifest itself? Symptoms of social phobia are divided into mental and physical. Naturally, the latter are the reflection of the former. At the heart of the whole complex is the desire of man to avoid situations that are perceived by him as critical. These include any situations that require communication: answers to questions from strangers, public speaking, hiking in a cafe, passing an examination, etc. ... All this causes the socialophobe extreme degree of anxiety. He also has special personality traits. Sociophobe is very afraid of criticism, both objective and subjective. This is due to the fact that he has an extremely low self-esteem. He is distinguished by a pronounced shyness, because of which he sometimes can not utter a word in the presence of people unfamiliar to him. His thoughts are characterized by a special obsession, thanks to which they are constantly reduced to playing alarming situations that "threaten" the social phobia. All this is complicated by the fact that he tries to hide his anxiety and "inferiority" from other people. Naturally, this only leads to an increase in symptoms. But all this is rarely realized by a person who has a given phobia. First of all, he suffers from bodily manifestations of the disorder. Practically always there are so-called "clamps" in the voice and in the chest. They are associated with the anxiety described above, which sometimes turns into animal fear. It also manifests itself in the form of trembling in the hands, rapid heartbeat, stiffness and muscle tension, dry mouth and sweating. There may be dizziness and headaches. At the person the temperature sensitivity sometimes changes, that leads to sensation of sharp cold or heat. Accordingly, people's fear can manifest themselves as more or less pronounced personal fear, or as a phobia. In the first case, the symptoms described above are simply less intense, or some of them may be absent. At the same time, in the second variant there is a serious problem, manifested in the loss of a person from public life. All these symptoms lead to the fact that an unfortunate socialophobe simply ceases to leave the house! Well, or tries to do it only in case of emergency. Of course, there can be no question of a happy or even normal life.

How to get rid of the intolerance of society?

People who have a phobia, notjust discomfort in communication, should seek help from a therapist. The fact that self-treatment of borderline mental disorders can have very unpleasant consequences. The doctor, however, will very carefully and correctly determine the diagnosis, checking that you have a phobia, and not something else, will prescribe an adequate medication and choose the method of psychotherapy that is right for you. The phobia, including the fear of people, can be adjusted in a variety of psychotherapeutic approaches. Psychoanalysis, in particular, works very deeply and allows you to first realize all your "weak" places, and then reconstruct the personality in order to improve the quality of life. Unpleasant symptoms in this case go away by themselves. Sometimes psychotherapists resort to methods of rational psychotherapy, visually showing the patient what the destructiveness of their thoughts and attitudes is. Adherents of the gestalt approach are guided by the feelings and life experience of the person, allowing him to find areas where there is tension, and reset it. Thus, an experienced specialist will be able to work with you in the manner that suits you and your resources. However, if you notice that you do not have a phobia yet, but a habit that starts to inconvenience, you can resort to the psychological recommendations offered by us below:

Do not ask yourself too much This is exactlya factor that exacerbates an already unpleasant state. Psychological correction should be dealt with gradually, otherwise it will bring harm instead of relief. Listen to yourself and your feelings, relying primarily on them, and not on instructions from outside.

Analyze the situations that worry you moreall in them it will be possible to find something in common, and this is the key to solving the problem. You can try to apply the metaphor in describing the situations - maybe it will show the hook that always clings to you and does not let you communicate peacefully with people. When you find it, it will be easier for you to prove to yourself that everything is not as bad as you thought.

Avoid negative experiences. A person is so arranged that, having any kind of attitude (for example, hostility), he subconsciously does everything to confirm it. But you are not an automaton! Receiving such a confirmation of your views, you are more and more strengthened in them, and you need, on the contrary, to be disappointed. Therefore, try to organize around yourself such situations, so that communication with people in them brings you one joy and benefit.

Increase self-esteem Sociopathy often happensis associated with low self-confidence. Get a habit of praising yourself several times a day for anything. Make a list of your merits and attach it to the mirror, in which you are constantly looking. Love and pamper yourself, even in small things.

Master the relaxation techniques Any phobiabased on fear, which, in the first place, causes muscle tension and clamps. Therefore, make a "call from below" and learn to get rid of anxiety with the help of relaxation. It can be associated with meditation, immersion in pleasant memories, massage, voluntary muscle relaxation, etc. ... Choose the method that you like most - and go!

In no case should you think that the problemwill be resolved by itself, and fear and mistrust towards people will pass one day. Therefore, work on yourself and take care of your mental health, because without it you will never be able to become happy and successful!

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