To the great regret, it sometimes happens thatpeople close to us are seriously ill and are deprived of the opportunity to move, spending all their time in a reclining position. Whatever impact this event does not become for you, you will have to put up with it and learn the basics of caring for lying patients. At first glance, this science is not easy, but very soon you will master all the skills of care. The first aspect, which should be closely monitored, is the issue of "bedsores treatment and prevention." In order to get the full information on how to prevent the occurrence of pressure sores, or to cure the already existing ones, you need to be well aware of what pressure sores are and what factors cause them to appear in a sick person. Bedsores are nothing more than necrosis of the soft tissues of the human body. The necrosis of tissues arises as a result of prolonged disruption of normal blood supply, and as a consequence, eating disorders. There are such conditions in the event that the tissue of a sick person for a long time is under pressure. The most common bedsores are formed:

• In the region of the ischium.
• In the field of the sacrum and coccyx.
• Slightly less often, however, often enough pressure sores appear on the hips, ribs and the back of the head.

The occurrence of pressure ulcers is fraught with variousconsequences for human health. So, for example, bedsores are very dangerous in that even with the most minimal surface damage to the skin, the damage to internal tissues, including muscle and bone. Often, large pockets and cavities are formed in the lesion, especially if bedsores are formed in the area of ​​the ischium bones and hip joints. In especially severe cases, pressure sores can even lead to the need for amputation of the lower extremities of the sick person. No less often bedsores lead to inflammatory processes that occur in the periosteum and bone tissue, osteomyelitis and periostitis. As a rule, if the edges of the wound are adjacent to the bone tissue, one can for sure suppose the patient has a contact osteomyelitis. At the beginning of the disease, the discharge from the wound surface of the skin is transparent, without any odor or impurities, then as infection progresses, infection occurs, and a pus from the putrefactive odor appears. All the principles of treatment of decubitus are aimed only at one goal - as soon as possible to save the sick person from the existing inflammatory process, and then achieve complete regeneration of the skin. After curing a sick person, your priority should be the prevention of pressure sores.

Local treatment for bedsores

The first thing you need to start with is a localtreatment of decubitus. The affected surface of the skin should be treated three times a day must be treated with hydrogen peroxide and washed with antiseptics, for example, a solution of furacilin. After this, it is necessary to treat the wounds with a hypertonic solution and apply a bactericidal ointment. When carrying out all types of manipulation with pressure sores, watch for sterility. Your hands should be cleaned up and nails cut short. All the accessories that you will use to care for pressure sores, should be sterile. In the pharmacy you can buy sterile cotton wool, gauze and bandages. During the treatment, you need to give the patient such a position that there is absolutely no pressure and pressure on the pressure sores. In the event that you are unable to cope with the treatment of pressure sores yourself within one month, you should seek the help of surgeons. Further delay can be quite dangerous for the health of a sick person. However, when contacting a surgeon, be sure to check with your doctor if he has any experience of plastic treatment for pressure sores. As a rule, surgeons of district polyclinics do not have the necessary experience to treat decubitus by plastic surgery. How does surgical treatment of decubitus occur? The edges of the wound are excised with a scalpel until healthy tissues appear. After this, the wound is closed by skin-muscle or skin flaps, after which the healing process begins. As already mentioned above, in no case can not be delayed with seeking medical help, otherwise to cure serious bedsores doctors will have to resort to amputation of the extremities.

Prophylaxis for the formation of pressure sores

Prophylaxis and treatment of pressure sores is necessary forpreservation of the health of a sick person. Moreover, the prophylaxis of pressure sores often gives a much more effective result than the painful and long treatment of bedsores that have already formed. To achieve success, prevention should be regular and comprehensive. The first thing you should do is make up a special diet for a sick person. You need to pick up those foods that contain enough nutrients, such as proteins, fats and carbohydrates, vitamins, micro and macro elements, minerals. Be sure to monitor the drinking regimen of a sick person and his diuresis. Try not to allow the appearance of edema, since they greatly increase the risk of developing pressure ulcers in a lying patient. In the medical supplies store, you can easily purchase bedside care items. Very well helps to prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers so-called anti-bedsore mattress. All mattresses operate on the principle of anti-decubitus systems. At the heart of the action of the mattress is a scheme of constant changes of those points of support on which the sick person lies. This effect is achieved due to the fact that there is a regular change in the volumes of those compartments into which the mattress is divided. The mattress has its own compresses, which inflate the compartments of the mattress in a strictly defined sequence, according to the established scheme. As a result of this, the surface of the mattress is in continuous motion, constantly exerting a massaging effect on all soft tissues of the lying patient, which touch the surface of the mattress. A massage is a constant redistribution of the pressure that exists from one part of the body to another, which allows you to maintain a full blood circulation in the blood. Thus, the main cause, which causes the formation of pressure sores, is eliminated. In addition, doctors have established an interesting fact - the anti-decubitus mattress not only helps to prevent bedsores, but also effectively eliminates sleep problems, it has a beneficial effect on the overall condition of the body, in particular on the nervous system, blood circulation and muscle tension. Very many inhabitants believe that such mattresses are intended for use only in a hospital. However, this is not so - all kinds of these mattresses are very simple to use, it is not difficult even for an elderly person to cope with their use. Compressors work absolutely silently, which allows you to use the mattress around the clock. In addition, mats against decubitus are very simple to operate and can be used effectively, both in hospital settings and at home. Modern models of these devices are equipped with noiseless compressors, which can work around the clock. All mattresses are made of a durable material, which, moreover, has a moisture resistance. Over the mattress, as a rule, a special cover is put on, to improve hygiene. The lining for the prevention of pressure ulcers, of course, is not as effective as an anti-bedsore mattress, but it can also provide invaluable help in caring for bedridden patients. The lining should be placed under the coccyx or buttocks, changing its location every few hours. The lining is most often made of medical rubber or latex, so it is easy to keep it clean. Approximately the same action has a pillow for the stroller. It is designed to distribute the pressure uniformly, which causes the weight of the sick person. This significantly reduces the risk of developing bedsores. Pillows are produced from various materials, but the most common are gel or latex. Particular attention should be paid to the condition of the patient's bed. If you do not use an anti-decubitus mattress, make sure that the bed surface is absolutely level, without any depressions or bulges. The same applies to bed linen. A person caring for a bed patient should make sure that there are no wrinkles and crumbs from food on the sheets - they also often provoke the development of pressure sores. Bed linen must be clean and dry. All of the above-described care facilities for bedridden patients should be purchased after a preliminary consultation with a doctor who knows the features of the course of the disease and will recommend the best option for you. By the way, often in modern hospitals there are all necessary items for caring for bed patients. Therefore, if your loved one is on inpatient treatment, do not rush to buy everything yourself. First, ask the doctor if there are hygiene products available for bed patients in the department

Other prophylaxis measures for bedsores

In addition to the use of special toolsthere are general rules of prevention, compliance with which will significantly reduce the risk of developing pressure sores. However, before using each of them, be sure to consult with your doctor. Perhaps a sick person has some kind of specific disease that can serve as a contraindication to one of the prophylaxis measures for pressure sores. However, the rules for taking care of bed patients must be observed. The following is a simple algorithm for the prevention of pressure sores:

• Turns of a sick person. Try to turn the sick person from the back to the side at least three to four times a day, about 30 minutes. Such a measure will allow to redistribute the load on tissues for a while, restore normal blood supply.
• Massage of skin areas. Daily massage of those skin areas that are exposed to pressure, will help ensure good blood supply and nutrition of tissues. This measure also helps to reduce the risk of developing bedsores.
• Ventilating the skin. Many neglect the following procedure, and very vain. The sick person should be turned on his side, released from clothing and left for about 15 minutes, after that, repeat the same with the second side.
• Observance of the temperature regime. For the prevention of pressure sores, the optimal temperature regime must be observed without fail. And clothes, and bed linen, and the temperature in the air should be such that the skin of a sick person does not sweat. Fatigue in a patient lying man very quickly turn into bedsores.
• Wipe the entire surface of the skin. In addition to the hygienic bathing of a sick person, it is necessary to wipe the skin with disinfectants every day. It can be vodka, or camphor alcohol, or even ordinary cologne. Wipe the skin of a sick person, then rub it until red with a dry clean terry towel. However, be careful when rubbing, make sure that there is no damage to the patient's skin, otherwise the opposite effect may occur.
• Care for the most vulnerable skininteguments. Twice a day - in the morning and in the evening, you need to cool the boiled water to wipe those places of the skin, the pressure on which is the strongest. After that, drain with a towel and wipe with camphor alcohol. Remember that care and prevention of bedsores are most important if you want to avoid possible complications.

The initial stage of development of bedsores

In the event that on the skinto appear redness, you need to be alerted. After all, redness is the beginning of the formation of pressure sores. Such places need to be processed with special care. In the morning, lubricate these places with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, and in the evening - spirituous tincture of calendula. If you have a blue quartz lamp, it will also effectively help prevent further development of diaper rash. If the reddening of the skin was not noticed in time and measures to prevent further development of diaper rash were not carried out, blisters appear on the skin. Bubbles contain a clear liquid inside. They need to be treated as follows: bubbles need to be abundantly lubricated with 1% zelenium solution, and top with a dry bandage. Make sure that her pressure is not too strong. If a purulent wound is formed, the "Iruksol" ointment is very suitable for its purification. It is used as follows: form a gauze swab, apply a lot of ointment on it and put on the wound, fixing it with a bandage. Change the bandage two times a day. A similar but less rapid effect is possessed by Vishnevsky's ointment and levomecol.

Treatment of bedsores by folk methods

If a sick person has decubitus, treatmentfolk remedies will help to improve the condition of a sick person no less effectively than the pharmacological agents used in traditional medicine. However, before applying any prescription, consult a doctor and make sure that the patient does not have allergic reactions to a particular component of traditional medicine.

Broth inflorescences of chamomile and medicinalclover can significantly accelerate the healing process of pressure sores. To prepare the decoction you need to take dry inflorescences of chemist's chamomile and medical sweet clover in a ratio of one to one. Pour the grass with one liter of water, bring to a boil in a water bath, and then turn off and strain with gauze. With the resulting decoction, wash the wounds, and the herbal mixture that remained in the gauze tissue will come in handy for compresses. Put the gauze cloth in boiling water for about a minute, then allow the water to drain, but do not squeeze it. After the herbal mixture in the gauze slightly cool, attach it to the wound, covering it with a plastic wrap and fixing with a bandage. Such a compress should be left on the wound for about two hours. Continue the course of treatment until the epithelialization of the tissues occurs.

The following recipe very effectively helps inthe very beginning of the disease, when bedsores only - just begin to appear. You will need: herb horsetail - 50 grams; dry inflorescences of chemist's chamomile - 30 grams; the herb of perforated St. John's wort - 40 grams. Stir the mixture, pour 300 ml. boiling water and boil in a water bath for an hour. After that, the broth is poured into a thermos bottle and insisted for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the broth must be filtered and squeezed through gauze. Take the broth twice a day, after meals, half the glass. The course of treatment should not exceed one week.

As has long been known, the bark of oak hasexcellent astringent and disinfectant. These properties allow the use of oak bark for the treatment of a wide variety of wounds, including decubitus. To prepare the decoction of the bark of oak, you need to grind 200 grams of dried raw materials, place the resulting powder in two liters of water and cook over low heat for at least an hour. Allow broth to cool, then carefully strain through gauze. Use the decoction is necessary for lotions on the bedsores sites. To do this, make gauze napkins from a sterile bandage, moisten them and apply to decubituses, changing as they dry up. In a day, it is necessary to conduct approximately three procedures, each of which must last at least one hour. As a rule, significant improvements are observed already on the third day after the beginning of treatment, and complete scarring comes on 10-14 days, depending on the area and depth of skin lesions.

It is no less effective for strong bedsoreshelp the sick person tincture of birch buds. Of course, you can buy dried birch buds in a pharmacy, but if it's early spring, try to collect some raw materials yourself. You will need about 100 grams of dried birch buds, or 50 grams of fresh ones. Pour the kidneys for a minute with steep boiling water, then drain it, replacing the water with ordinary vodka. Transfer the infusion into the glass container, then tightly close the lid and place it in the fridge for a week. After a week, use infusion to lubricate the affected skin, but try to avoid getting a lot of broth in the open and deep wounds. This can cause a sick person strong enough pain. Carry out treatment with this drug is necessary until the patient has a significant improvement in the condition.

In the event that the process has already gone enoughfar away, bedsores have begun to fester and unpleasant to smell, you will come to the aid of the grass of the periwinkle that is inconspicuous at first glance. One spoonful of this dry herb brew like tea in a glass of boiling water, let it brew for one hour. After this, carefully strain the broth with gauze cloth to avoid falling grass blades into the wound. The resulting infusion should be washed with purulent decubitus. Remember that the broth is not allowed to store more than one day, as it loses all its useful properties.

Also for the treatment of purulent wounds of variousorigin, including purulent, in folk medicine very often the root of high elecampane is used. To prepare medicinal infusion it is necessary to crush one tablespoon of the root of elecampane using a knife, pour it with one glass of boiling water and leave to infuse in a warm place for about a day. After this, the infusion should be filtered through gauze, add one tablespoon of natural honey, mix thoroughly. The resulting solution should be washed with purulent decubitus at least twice a day. It is advisable to carry out treatment with this remedy until the wound is fully cleansed of pus. Only then can other means be used to stimulate the healing of pressure sores.

Broth of eucalyptus leaves excellentlylying patient from the beginning bedsores. For its preparation, you need to buy dry leaves of eucalyptus in the pharmacy. Place three teaspoons of eucalyptus leaves in one liter of boiling water, cook for about ten minutes. After that, cover the dishes tightly with a lid, wrap with a dense cloth and leave to infuse for a day. After the day, drain the broth with gauze, and use the resulting decoction to wipe the affected areas. The course of treatment should continue until all signs of decubitus and irritation of the skin are completely gone.

Also for washing the skin is very usefuluse a decoction of an ordinary scallop. Ready raw materials you can buy at almost any drugstore. To prepare a decoction you need 100 grams of herb pinto pour one liter of water, bring to a boil over low heat. Boil the broth for twenty minutes, then cool it. Before use, the broth must also be carefully filtered. It must be applied as follows. Dampen sterile gauze or cotton wool in the broth, carefully wipe the skin, but do not wipe it, but allow to dry spontaneously. The water will evaporate. And an additional protective barrier will be created on the skin that will help prevent the reoccurrence of pressure sores and help to epithelize existing ones.

The next infusion will help cope with bedsoreseven in the most severe cases. For its preparation, you need to mix 20 grams of medicinal sage and chamomile, pour half a liter of hot water in an enamel dish, cover with a lid, wrap it with a towel and insist for three hours. After that, the broth should also be filtered with gauze cloth. Such an infusion can be used as a lotion for already existing bedsores, so it is for the washing of especially vulnerable areas of the skin, on which pressure sores develop most often. The lotions are made as follows. Moisten a napkin in your infusion, put it on the sore. After you notice that the napkin has dried, it must be replaced with another, also richly moistened with infusion. The procedure itself should last at least 60 minutes, once a day for about ten days.

Medicinal wrecker will help to clean the wound frompurulent contents, remove inflammation and swelling. To prepare the infusion, you need to completely crush the whole plant, except for its root system, pour hot water in a ratio of 1 to 5. It must be infused for at least 10 hours. After the mixture is infused, you need to strain it very carefully through gauze, so that in wounds and skin did not fall even the smallest pieces of plant material, which can also cause irritation on the skin and provoke the development of new pressure sores.

If the bedside patient has blisters onskin, quickly get rid of them and prevent further development and aggravation of bedsores will help the common yarrow. For the preparation of the infusion it is necessary to pour a tablespoon of dry raw material with a liter of steep boiling water, to set at room temperature for an hour. After this, the infusion should be carefully filtered using gauze cloth. In the broth, add 20 drops of the medicinal alcohol tincture of marigold, mix thoroughly. You will also need camphor alcohol. Affected areas of the skin should be smeared with camphor alcohol, then apply a gauze cloth soaked with yarrow infusion. Gadgets must be changed as they dry out within one hour. In total this procedure is necessary at least five times a day. A noticeable improvement will come in a few days, and a complete healing of decubituses after about 10 days.

Also an excellent disinfectant and wound-healingmeans a creeping white clover. Get it in pharmacies is not easy, but the effort expended is worth it. Decoction of the heads of white clover can heal the most neglected purulent decubitus. This broth is prepared as follows. Take 10 heads of a white clover and place them in a bag of gauze. One liter of water bring to a boil, then for five minutes, place there a bag of clover heads. After that, turn off the broth, cool. With this decoction, you need to wash the decubitus, then compress using a gauze sac with clover heads. On top of the bag, you need to put a plastic film, and from above, fix it with a bandage. Make sure that the dressing does not press too tightly. The compress should be left overnight. After the second procedure, the wound will clear of pus, after 5 - will begin to heal, by about 10 days, the epithelialization of the skin is almost completely completed.

Effective wound healing effectUlcers have sea buckthorn oil and dog rose oil. However, they can only be used in the initial stages of bedsores, when only redness of the skin is observed. With bedsores in the bubble stage, the oil no longer has the proper effect. Seabuckthorn oil is used as follows. The skin in places of damage is treated with camphor alcohol, then it is abundantly lubricated with sea buckthorn oil using a tampon formed of sterile cotton wool. The oil is left on the skin until it is completely absorbed.

For the prevention of bedsores is not less importantmaintain the general condition of the body in proper condition. Very good increases the body's defenses the following vitamin decoction. For its preparation you will need: fruits of ordinary brown dog-rose - 50 grams; berries cranberries - 50 grams; fruits of common mountain ash - 70 grams; honey lime - three tablespoons. A mixture of berries pour two liters of water, bring to a boil and cook for 15 minutes. After this, remove from heat, add honey and mix thoroughly. After the broth cools down, it is ready for use. Take a decoction of a glass a day, dividing it into two meals.

The leaves of black elderberry perfectly clean the wounds frompus. In the event that a person suffers from purulent decubitus, the folk medicine will help him. Freshly cut elderberry leaves should be thoroughly washed with running water, then scalded with boiling water. Immediately after this, a little chilled, the leaves must be applied to the pressure sores for about 15 minutes. Such procedures should be performed every day until the wound clears from the pus.

In the event that a person suffers from extensiveHeavy pressure sores can be helped by the following recipe. For its preparation, you will need leaves of arboreal aloe, sea buckthorn oil and any natural honey. Remember that for the preparation of this remedy, the leaves of aloe must first be kept in the refrigerator for a week. Use leaves can only be from a plant not younger than three years. Leaves of aloe must be passed through a meat grinder, then mix them with honey and 100 grams of sea-buckthorn oil. Mix the whole mixture thoroughly, transfer it to a glass container, and then place it in the refrigerator for three days. After this, it is necessary to proceed as follows. Affected tissues should be thoroughly washed with a solution of furatsilina, and then apply gauze wipes, which must be very richly applied to the resulting ointment. Napkins should be left on bedsores for at least two hours. The procedure should be repeated twice a day, until the bedsores are completely healed.

If a patient has bedsores, folkfunds can provide effective assistance. However, in no case should you refuse to observe medical workers, because only a doctor can adequately assess the condition of a bedside sick person and in time to notice a possible deterioration of the condition. We advise you to read:

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